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. 2021 Aug 3;11:15703. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-94866-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Photographs and screenshots of videos of the 12 January 2020 eruption of Taal. (A) Eruption showing a lateral basal cloud with an estimated fountain height of 360-370 m. Photo by Johnny Alegre (CC-BY SA4.0). (B) Umbrella cloud and convective regions. Photo by David Comes Lorenzo. (C) Magnified view of base surges (dilute and “wet” PDCs) forming in the southeast sector of TVI; (D) Dust covering the southeastern slopes of TVI. Photos C and D by Andres Alisuag.