TABLE 2.
Association between Fisher-transformed cross-correlation values and disease designation (HD vs. Control) after adjusting for age.
| Corpus callosum | Control | HD | HD-Control | Unadjusted | ||||
| Estimate (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | |||||
| Posterior segment | 0.44 (0.34,0.55) | 0.40 (0.33,0.48) | −0.04 (−0.17, 0.09) | 0.560 | ||||
| Midposterior segment | 0.52 (0.41,0.64) | 0.30 (0.22,0.38) | −0.23 (−0.37, −0.08) | 0.002* | ||||
| Central segment | 0.53 (0.42,0.64) | 0.28 (0.20,0.36) | −0.24 (−0.38, −0.11) | 0.001* | ||||
| Midanterior segment | 0.53 (0.38,0.67) | 0.32 (0.21,0.42) | −0.21 (−0.39, −0.03) | 0.020 | ||||
| Anterior segment | 0.56 (0.41,0.71) | 0.32 (0.22,0.43) | −0.24 (−0.42, −0.06) | 0.010 | ||||
| Left Hemisphere | Right Hemisphere | |||||||
| Brain regions | Control Estimate (95% CI) | HD Estimate (95% CI) | HD-Control Estimate (95% CI) | Unadjusted p-value | Control Estimate (95% CI) | HD Estimate (95% CI) | HD-Control Estimate (95% CI) | Unadjusted p-value |
| Thalamus | 0.59 (0.42, 0.75) | 0.57 (0.45, 0.69) | −0.02 (−0.23, 0.19) | 0.858 | 0.58 (0.41, 0.74) | 0.56 (0.45, 0.68) | −0.01 (−0.22, 0.19) | 0.904 |
| Caudate | 0.55 (0.38, 0.71) | 0.51 (0.39, 0.62) | −0.04 (−0.24, 0.16) | 0.696 | 0.56 (0.39, 0.72) | 0.52 (0.40, 0.64) | −0.04 (−0.24, 0.16) | 0.706 |
| Putamen | 0.54 (0.36, 0.71) | 0.52 (0.39, 0.65) | −0.02 (−0.24, 0.20) | 0.866 | 0.57 (0.40, 0.74) | 0.52 (0.40, 0.64) | −0.05 (−0.26, 0.16) | 0.631 |
| Pallidum | 0.55 (0.43, 0.66) | 0.37 (0.29, 0.46) | −0.18 (−0.32, −0.03) | 0.017 | 0.54 (0.42, 0.66) | 0.37 (0.28, 0.45) | −0.18 (−0.33, −0.03) | 0.022 |
| Hippocampus | 0.63 (0.49, 0.76) | 0.47 (0.37, 0.56) | −0.16 (−0.33, 0.01) | 0.057 | 0.64 (0.50, 0.77) | 0.45 (0.35, 0.54) | −0.19 (−0.36, −0.02) | 0.027 |
| Amygdala | 0.59 (0.45, 0.73) | 0.41 (0.30, 0.51) | −0.18 (−0.36, −0.01) | 0.042 | 0.55 (0.42, 0.69) | 0.38 (0.29, 0.48) | −0.17 (−0.34, 0.00) | 0.045 |
| Accumbens area | 0.45 (0.30, 0.59) | 0.39 (0.28, 0.50) | −0.05 (−0.24, 0.13) | 0.554 | 0.46 (0.33, 0.58) | 0.35 (0.25, 0.44) | −0.11 (−0.27, 0.05) | 0.164 |
| Banks of superior temporal sulcus | 0.68 (0.50, 0.86) | 0.57 (0.44, 0.70) | −0.11 (−0.33, 0.12) | 0.343 | 0.69 (0.51, 0.87) | 0.57 (0.44, 0.70) | −0.12 (−0.34, 0.10) | 0.285 |
| Caudal anterior cingulate | 0.63 (0.47, 0.79) | 0.63 (0.52, 0.75) | 0.00 (−0.19, 0.20) | 0.969 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.79) | 0.61 (0.50, 0.73) | −0.02 (−0.22, 0.18) | 0.856 |
| Caudal middle frontal | 0.71 (0.54, 0.87) | 0.58 (0.46, 0.70) | −0.13 (−0.33, 0.08) | 0.220 | 0.67 (0.50, 0.85) | 0.60 (0.47, 0.73) | −0.07 (−0.29, 0.15) | 0.513 |
| Cuneus | 0.65 (0.45, 0.86) | 0.61 (0.46, 0.76) | −0.04 (−0.30, 0.21) | 0.741 | 0.61 (0.41, 0.81) | 0.60 (0.45, 0.75) | −0.01 (−0.26, 0.24) | 0.918 |
| Entorhinal | 0.39 (0.30, 0.48) | 0.31 (0.24, 0.37) | −0.09 (−0.20, 0.03) | 0.138 | 0.35 (0.25, 0.46) | 0.32 (0.25, 0.40) | −0.03 (−0.16, 0.10) | 0.657 |
| Fusiform | 0.55 (0.39, 0.71) | 0.56 (0.44, 0.68) | 0.01 (−0.19, 0.21) | 0.905 | 0.54 (0.39, 0.69) | 0.54 (0.43, 0.65) | 0.00 (−0.18, 0.19) | 0.985 |
| Inferior parietal | 0.71 (0.55, 0.87) | 0.55 (0.43, 0.67) | −0.16 (−0.36, 0.04) | 0.127 | 0.70 (0.53, 0.86) | 0.55 (0.43, 0.67) | −0.15 (−0.36, 0.06) | 0.163 |
| Inferior temporal | 0.45 (0.34, 0.56) | 0.43 (0.35, 0.51) | −0.02 (−0.16, 0.11) | 0.748 | 0.45 (0.33, 0.56) | 0.43 (0.35, 0.52) | −0.02 (−0.16, 0.13) | 0.834 |
| Isthmus of cingulate | 0.55 (0.37, 0.72) | 0.58 (0.46, 0.71) | 0.04 (−0.18, 0.25) | 0.734 | 0.56 (0.39, 0.73) | 0.59 (0.46, 0.71) | 0.03 (−0.18, 0.24) | 0.809 |
| Lateral occipital | 0.63 (0.47, 0.80) | 0.55 (0.44, 0.67) | −0.08 (−0.28, 0.12) | 0.436 | 0.62 (0.46, 0.78) | 0.58 (0.46, 0.69) | −0.05 (−0.24, 0.15) | 0.648 |
| Lateral orbitofrontal | 0.45 (0.33, 0.57) | 0.38 (0.30, 0.47) | −0.07 (−0.21, 0.08) | 0.355 | 0.43 (0.32, 0.54) | 0.41 (0.33, 0.49) | −0.02 (−0.16, 0.12) | 0.783 |
| Lingual | 0.57 (0.38, 0.76) | 0.62 (0.48, 0.75) | 0.04 (−0.19, 0.28) | 0.725 | 0.57 (0.38, 0.76) | 0.60 (0.46, 0.74) | 0.04 (−0.20, 0.27) | 0.759 |
| Medial orbitofrontal | 0.46 (0.36, 0.56) | 0.34 (0.27, 0.42) | −0.12 (−0.24, 0.01) | 0.060 | 0.45 (0.35, 0.54) | 0.35 (0.29, 0.42) | −0.09 (−0.21, 0.02) | 0.118 |
| Middle temporal | 0.57 (0.43, 0.70) | 0.48 (0.38, 0.57) | −0.09 (−0.25, 0.08) | 0.287 | 0.58 (0.45, 0.70) | 0.48 (0.39, 0.58) | −0.09 (−0.25, 0.06) | 0.237 |
| Parahippocampal | 0.55 (0.42, 0.68) | 0.47 (0.37, 0.56) | −0.09 (−0.25, 0.08) | 0.306 | 0.54 (0.40, 0.69) | 0.44 (0.33, 0.54) | −0.11 (−0.29, 0.07) | 0.248 |
| Paracentral | 0.64 (0.45, 0.83) | 0.66 (0.52, 0.80) | 0.02 (−0.22, 0.26) | 0.867 | 0.63 (0.45, 0.81) | 0.67 (0.53, 0.80) | 0.03 (−0.19, 0.26) | 0.764 |
| Pars opercularis | 0.65 (0.47, 0.84) | 0.61 (0.47, 0.74) | −0.05 (−0.27, 0.18) | 0.676 | 0.63 (0.46, 0.80) | 0.62 (0.50, 0.75) | −0.01 (−0.22, 0.20) | 0.923 |
| Pars orbitalis | 0.51 (0.35, 0.67) | 0.49 (0.37, 0.60) | −0.02 (−0.22, 0.18) | 0.838 | 0.49 (0.34, 0.65) | 0.54 (0.42, 0.65) | 0.04 (−0.15, 0.23) | 0.677 |
| Pars triangularis | 0.59 (0.42, 0.76) | 0.54 (0.42, 0.67) | −0.04 (−0.25, 0.17) | 0.684 | 0.58 (0.43, 0.74) | 0.56 (0.45, 0.68) | −0.02 (−0.22, 0.18) | 0.843 |
| Peri-calcarine | 0.62 (0.40, 0.84) | 0.62 (0.46, 0.79) | 0.00 (−0.28, 0.28) | 0.984 | 0.60 (0.39, 0.81) | 0.60 (0.44, 0.75) | 0.00 (−0.26, 0.26) | 0.983 |
| Postcentral | 0.67 (0.50, 0.84) | 0.62 (0.50, 0.75) | −0.05 (−0.26, 0.17) | 0.672 | 0.64 (0.47, 0.81) | 0.62 (0.49, 0.74) | −0.03 (−0.23, 0.18) | 0.800 |
| Posterior cingulate | 0.64 (0.46, 0.82) | 0.61 (0.48, 0.74) | −0.03 (−0.25, 0.20) | 0.815 | 0.61 (0.44, 0.78) | 0.60 (0.48, 0.73) | −0.01 (−0.22, 0.21) | 0.960 |
| Precentral | 0.68 (0.51, 0.84) | 0.59 (0.47, 0.71) | −0.08 (−0.29, 0.12) | 0.426 | 0.65 (0.48, 0.81) | 0.60 (0.48, 0.72) | −0.04 (−0.25, 0.16) | 0.661 |
| Precuneus | 0.63 (0.45, 0.81) | 0.59 (0.46, 0.71) | −0.04 (−0.26, 0.17) | 0.695 | 0.64 (0.46, 0.82) | 0.58 (0.45, 0.71) | −0.06 (−0.28, 0.16) | 0.602 |
| Rostral anterior cingulate | 0.57 (0.41, 0.73) | 0.52 (0.41, 0.64) | −0.04 (−0.24, 0.16) | 0.679 | 0.58 (0.44, 0.72) | 0.50 (0.40, 0.60) | −0.08 (−0.25, 0.09) | 0.357 |
| Rostral middle frontal | 0.65 (0.50, 0.81) | 0.54 (0.43, 0.66) | −0.11 (−0.30, 0.08) | 0.266 | 0.64 (0.48, 0.79) | 0.56 (0.45, 0.67) | −0.08 (−0.26, 0.11) | 0.419 |
| Superior frontal | 0.63 (0.47, 0.78) | 0.58 (0.46, 0.69) | −0.05 (−0.25, 0.14) | 0.602 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.80) | 0.58 (0.46, 0.70) | −0.05 (−0.25, 0.15) | 0.602 |
| Superior parietal | 0.68 (0.52, 0.84) | 0.60 (0.48, 0.71) | −0.08 (−0.28, 0.11) | 0.406 | 0.68 (0.52, 0.84) | 0.59 (0.47, 0.71) | −0.09 (−0.29, 0.11) | 0.361 |
| Superior temporal | 0.63 (0.48, 0.78) | 0.52 (0.40, 0.63) | −0.11 (−0.30, 0.07) | 0.238 | 0.62 (0.47, 0.78) | 0.54 (0.42, 0.65) | −0.09 (−0.28, 0.11) | 0.381 |
| Supramarginal | 0.69 (0.52, 0.86) | 0.62 (0.50, 0.74) | −0.07 (−0.28, 0.14) | 0.513 | 0.65 (0.48, 0.82) | 0.62 (0.50, 0.74) | −0.03 (−0.24, 0.18) | 0.765 |
| Frontal pole | 0.36 (0.25, 0.48) | 0.28 (0.19, 0.36) | −0.09 (−0.23, 0.06) | 0.243 | 0.41 (0.28, 0.54) | 0.33 (0.23, 0.42) | −0.08 (−0.25, 0.08) | 0.303 |
| Transverse temporal | 0.63 (0.42, 0.84) | 0.61 (0.46, 0.77) | −0.02 (−0.27, 0.24) | 0.908 | 0.62 (0.41, 0.82) | 0.64 (0.49, 0.78) | 0.02 (−0.23, 0.27) | 0.873 |
| Insula | 0.63 (0.45, 0.82) | 0.54 (0.41, 0.68) | −0.09 (−0.32, 0.14) | 0.441 | 0.62 (0.45, 0.79) | 0.56 (0.43, 0.68) | −0.06 (−0.27, 0.15) | 0.570 |
| Banks of superior temporal sulcus WM | 0.61 (0.46, 0.76) | 0.43 (0.32, 0.54) | −0.18 (−0.36, 0.01) | 0.059 | 0.57 (0.44, 0.71) | 0.40 (0.31, 0.50) | −0.17 (−0.33, −0.01) | 0.042 |
| Caudal anterior cingulate WM | 0.65 (0.52, 0.78) | 0.40 (0.31, 0.50) | −0.25 (−0.40, −0.09) | 0.002* | 0.66 (0.55, 0.78) | 0.40 (0.31, 0.48) | −0.27 (−0.41, −0.12) | < 0.001* |
| Caudal middle frontal WM | 0.63 (0.51, 0.75) | 0.40 (0.31, 0.49) | −0.23 (−0.38, −0.07) | 0.004* | 0.64 (0.49, 0.78) | 0.44 (0.33, 0.54) | −0.20 (−0.38, −0.02) | 0.026 |
| Cuneus WM | 0.68 (0.50, 0.86) | 0.59 (0.46, 0.72) | −0.10 (−0.32, 0.13) | 0.397 | 0.67 (0.49, 0.84) | 0.57 (0.44, 0.70) | −0.10 (−0.31, 0.12) | 0.389 |
| Entorhinal WM | 0.47 (0.36, 0.57) | 0.31 (0.23, 0.39) | −0.16 (−0.29, −0.03) | 0.017 | 0.49 (0.38, 0.61) | 0.31 (0.23, 0.40) | −0.18 (−0.33, −0.04) | 0.014 |
| Fusiform WM | 0.59 (0.45, 0.73) | 0.46 (0.35, 0.56) | −0.13 (−0.30, 0.04) | 0.137 | 0.57 (0.44, 0.69) | 0.45 (0.35, 0.54) | −0.12 (−0.28, 0.03) | 0.125 |
| Inferior parietal WM | 0.64 (0.49, 0.78) | 0.44 (0.34, 0.54) | −0.20 (−0.37, −0.02) | 0.029 | 0.61 (0.48, 0.75) | 0.42 (0.33, 0.52) | −0.19 (−0.36, −0.02) | 0.026 |
| Inferior temporal WM | 0.52 (0.42, 0.63) | 0.40 (0.32, 0.48) | −0.12 (−0.25, 0.01) | 0.065 | 0.50 (0.40, 0.60) | 0.40 (0.32, 0.47) | −0.10 (−0.23, 0.03) | 0.119 |
| Isthmus of cingulate WM | 0.61 (0.49, 0.73) | 0.44 (0.35, 0.53) | −0.17 (−0.32, −0.02) | 0.025 | 0.60 (0.49, 0.72) | 0.43 (0.34, 0.51) | −0.17 (−0.32, −0.03) | 0.017 |
| Lateral occipital WM | 0.63 (0.48, 0.78) | 0.49 (0.38, 0.60) | −0.14 (−0.32, 0.05) | 0.139 | 0.61 (0.47, 0.74) | 0.49 (0.39, 0.58) | −0.12 (−0.28, 0.05) | 0.155 |
| Lateral orbitofrontal WM | 0.53 (0.42, 0.65) | 0.35 (0.27, 0.43) | −0.18 (−0.32, −0.05) | 0.009 | 0.50 (0.40, 0.60) | 0.38 (0.31, 0.46) | −0.12 (−0.24, 0.01) | 0.066 |
| Lingual WM | 0.61 (0.45, 0.78) | 0.54 (0.42, 0.66) | −0.07 (−0.27, 0.13) | 0.499 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.79) | 0.52 (0.41, 0.64) | −0.11 (−0.30, 0.09) | 0.284 |
| Medial orbitofrontal WM | 0.52 (0.42, 0.62) | 0.35 (0.28, 0.42) | −0.17 (−0.30, −0.05) | 0.006 | 0.51 (0.41, 0.61) | 0.35 (0.27, 0.42) | −0.16 (−0.29, −0.04) | 0.012 |
| Middle temporal WM | 0.63 (0.49, 0.77) | 0.44 (0.34, 0.54) | −0.19 (−0.36, −0.02) | 0.033 | 0.63 (0.52, 0.74) | 0.42 (0.34, 0.50) | −0.21 (−0.35, −0.07) | 0.003* |
| Parahippocampal WM | 0.61 (0.48, 0.74) | 0.44 (0.34, 0.53) | −0.17 (−0.34, −0.01) | 0.033 | 0.61 (0.49, 0.73) | 0.42 (0.33, 0.50) | −0.20 (−0.35, −0.05) | 0.010 |
| Paracentral WM | 0.59 (0.44, 0.74) | 0.48 (0.36, 0.59) | −0.12 (−0.31, 0.07) | 0.231 | 0.53 (0.39, 0.67) | 0.46 (0.36, 0.56) | −0.07 (−0.24, 0.10) | 0.415 |
| Pars opercularis WM | 0.70 (0.56, 0.84) | 0.47 (0.37, 0.58) | −0.22 (−0.40, −0.05) | 0.012 | 0.67 (0.53, 0.82) | 0.46 (0.35, 0.56) | −0.22 (−0.39, −0.04) | 0.015 |
| Pars orbitalis WM | 0.59 (0.43, 0.75) | 0.47 (0.35, 0.58) | −0.12 (−0.31, 0.08) | 0.236 | 0.57 (0.42, 0.73) | 0.51 (0.40, 0.62) | −0.06 (−0.25, 0.13) | 0.533 |
| Pars triangularis WM | 0.63 (0.49, 0.78) | 0.43 (0.33, 0.54) | −0.20 (−0.38, −0.03) | 0.024 | 0.63 (0.50, 0.76) | 0.45 (0.36, 0.55) | −0.18 (−0.34, −0.01) | 0.033 |
| Peri-calcarine WM | 0.65 (0.48, 0.81) | 0.54 (0.42, 0.66) | −0.10 (−0.31, 0.10) | 0.327 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.79) | 0.52 (0.41, 0.64) | −0.11 (−0.30, 0.09) | 0.292 |
| Postcentral WM | 0.71 (0.55, 0.86) | 0.55 (0.44, 0.67) | −0.16 (−0.35, 0.04) | 0.112 | 0.67 (0.52, 0.82) | 0.55 (0.44, 0.66) | −0.12 (−0.31, 0.07) | 0.209 |
| Posterior cingulate WM | 0.65 (0.52, 0.77) | 0.39 (0.30, 0.48) | −0.26 (−0.41, −0.10) | 0.001* | 0.60 (0.48, 0.71) | 0.39 (0.31, 0.47) | −0.20 (−0.34, −0.07) | 0.004* |
| Precentral WM | 0.63 (0.50, 0.76) | 0.43 (0.34, 0.53) | −0.20 (−0.36, −0.03) | 0.019 | 0.60 (0.47, 0.73) | 0.43 (0.34, 0.53) | −0.17 (−0.33, 0.00) | 0.048 |
| Precuneus WM | 0.62 (0.49, 0.75) | 0.46 (0.36, 0.56) | −0.16 (−0.32, 0.00) | 0.056 | 0.59 (0.46, 0.73) | 0.44 (0.35, 0.54) | −0.15 (−0.32, 0.02) | 0.088 |
| Rostral anterior cingulate WM | 0.62 (0.50, 0.74) | 0.39 (0.30, 0.48) | −0.23 (−0.39, −0.08) | 0.003* | 0.63 (0.51, 0.74) | 0.36 (0.28, 0.45) | −0.26 (−0.40, −0.12) | <0.001* |
| Rostral middle frontal WM | 0.66 (0.53, 0.79) | 0.42 (0.32, 0.51) | −0.24 (−0.40, −0.08) | 0.003* | 0.66 (0.54, 0.78) | 0.43 (0.35, 0.52) | −0.23 (−0.37, −0.08) | 0.003* |
| Superior frontal WM | 0.65 (0.51, 0.78) | 0.45 (0.35, 0.55) | −0.20 (−0.37, −0.03) | 0.024 | 0.63 (0.50, 0.76) | 0.44 (0.35, 0.54) | −0.19 (−0.35, −0.02) | 0.027 |
| Superior parietal WM | 0.63 (0.50, 0.76) | 0.45 (0.36, 0.55) | −0.18 (−0.34, −0.02) | 0.027 | 0.58 (0.45, 0.72) | 0.46 (0.36, 0.56) | −0.13 (−0.30, 0.05) | 0.149 |
| Superior temporal WM | 0.65 (0.52, 0.79) | 0.43 (0.33, 0.52) | −0.23 (−0.39, −0.07) | 0.006 | 0.68 (0.54, 0.82) | 0.48 (0.37, 0.58) | −0.21 (−0.38, −0.03) | 0.021 |
| Supramarginal WM | 0.68 (0.54, 0.82) | 0.48 (0.38, 0.58) | −0.20 (−0.37, −0.03) | 0.021 | 0.61 (0.48, 0.74) | 0.46 (0.37, 0.56) | −0.15 (−0.31, 0.02) | 0.084 |
| Frontal pole WM | 0.37 (0.25, 0.49) | 0.31 (0.22, 0.40) | −0.06 (−0.21, 0.09) | 0.453 | 0.45 (0.29, 0.60) | 0.40 (0.28, 0.51) | −0.05 (−0.24, 0.14) | 0.600 |
| Transverse temporal WM | 0.69 (0.52, 0.86) | 0.52 (0.40, 0.65) | −0.17 (−0.38, 0.04) | 0.119 | 0.66 (0.49, 0.82) | 0.56 (0.44, 0.68) | −0.10 (−0.31, 0.11) | 0.356 |
| Insula WM | 0.67 (0.55, 0.80) | 0.44 (0.35, 0.53) | −0.23 (−0.39, −0.08) | 0.004* | 0.68 (0.55, 0.80) | 0.45 (0.36, 0.54) | −0.23 (−0.38, −0.07) | 0.004* |
| Deep white matter | 0.51 (0.40, 0.61) | 0.32 (0.24, 0.40) | −0.19 (−0.32, −0.06) | 0.005 | 0.49 (0.38, 0.60) | 0.33 (0.25, 0.41) | −0.16 (−0.30, −0.03) | 0.016 |
Disease designation-specific estimates, and 95% confidence intervals, of Fisher-transformed cross-correlation among 50-years are provided, along with difference between HD subjects and controls (regardless of age, due to the lack of interaction between age and designation), and the unadjusted p-vales (p). * significant difference pfdr < 0.05. WM, white matter.