Table 1.
Comparison of the carriage of extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli associated virulence factors (ExPEC VFs) between extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- or AmpC β-lactamase (AmpC)-producing E. coli (ESBL/AmpC-EC) and non-ESBL/AmpC-EC isolates.
| Virulence factor function | Virulence factor | ESBL/AmpC-EC (%) (n = 161) | Non-ESBL/AmpC-EC (%) (n = 81) | OR (95% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adhesion | fimH | 96.3 | 96.3 | 1.0 (0.10–10.55) | 1.00 |
| iha | 3.1 | 0.0 | 5.8 (0.31–105.49) | 0.24† | |
| papC | 33.3 | 2.4 | 19.8 (2.54–153.45) | <0.01* | |
| csgA | 99.4 | 95.1 | 8.4 (0.72–97.63) | 0.09 | |
| Toxin | hlyA | 4.3 | 6.1 | 0.7 (0.17–2.75) | 0.60 |
| astA | 11.7 | 19.5 | 0.4 (0.12–1.04) | 0.06 | |
| aat | 0.6 | 3.7 | 0.2 (0.02–1.60) | 0.11† | |
| pic | 10.5 | 0.0 | 19.6 (1.16–330.30) | 0.04† | |
| tsh | 9.3 | 12.2 | 0.7 (0.18–2.94) | 0.65 | |
| Siderophore | fyuA | 28.4 | 11.0 | 3.2 (0.57–17.78) | 0.19 |
| iroNe.coli | 27.2 | 7.3 | 4.7 (0.70–31.13) | 0.11 | |
| Protectin/Serum resistance | ompT | 57.4 | 42.7 | 1.9 (1.00–3.64) | 0.049* |
| traT | 77.2 | 63.4 | 2.0 (0.69–5.74) | 0.20 |
CI, confidence interval. Statistically significant (
*
p < 0.05, GEEs;
†
p < 0.05, Chi-square test).