ICI	Immune checkpoint inhibitor
TME	Tumour microenvironment
CPI	Cancer checkpoint inhibitor
PD-1	Programmed cell death 1
PD-L1	PD-1 ligand 1
TMB	Tumour mutational burden
TLS	Tertiary lymphoid structures
ORR	Objective response rate
IFN-γ	Interferon-γ
CTLA-4	Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4
TIL	Tumor infiltrating lymphocyte
HPD	Hyperprogressive diseases
MDM	Murine double minute
CCND1	Cyclin D1
FGF	Fibroblast growth factor
EGFR	Pidermal growth factor receptor
WES	Whole-exome sequencing
WGS	Whole-genome sequencing
TSA	Tumour-specific antigen
TAA	Tumour-associated antigen
NSCLC	Non-small-cell lung cancer
OS	Overall survival
PFS	Progression-free survival
MSI-H	High microsatellite instability
dMMR	Deficient DNA mismatch repair
CRC	Colorectal cancer
RCC	Renal cell cancer
MCC	Merkel cell carcinoma
TCR	T cell receptor
β2M	Beta 2 microglobulin
HLA	Human leukocyte antigen
LMP	Large multifunctional protease
TAP	Transporter-associated with antigen processing
MSS	Microsatellite stable
MHC	Histocompatibility complex
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor-β
CAF	Cancer-associated fibroblast
SNAI1	Snail Homolog 1
HLA	Human leukocyte antigen
LOH	HLA loss of heterozygosity
ITH	Intratumour heterogeneity
HPV	Human papillomavirus
EBV	Epstein-Barr virus
HTLV 1	Human T cell leukaemia virus
HL	Hodgkin lymphoma
NHL	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
NPC	Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
LMP	Latent membrane protein
EBNA1	Ebv-determined nuclear antigen 1
VST	Virus-specific T cell
NPC	Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
CTA	Cancer/testis antigen
CTL	Cytotoxic T lymphocyte
ITH	Increased tumour heterogeneity
NGS	Next-Generation Sequencing
ECM	Extracellular matrix
IPRES	Innate anti-PD-1 resistance
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
DDR	DNA damage repair
ATM	Ataxia telangiectasia mutated
NK cell	Natural killer cell
Tregs	T regulatory cells
MDSC	Myeloid-derived suppressor cell
TAM	Tumour-associated macrophage
CXCL	C-X-C chemokine ligand
CCL	Chemoattractant cytokine ligand
OSCC	Oral squamous cell carcinoma
MCP-1	Macrophage chemoattractant protein-1
GM-CSF	Granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor
HNSCC	Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
HIF-1α	Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α
CAFs	Cancer-associated fibroblasts
cAMP	Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
PRRs	Pattern recognition receptors
FMT	Fecal microbiota transplant
APCs	Antigen presenting cells
HEVs	High endothelial venules
STAT1	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1
IRF7	Interferon regulatory factor 7
CX3CL1	C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1
DCs	Dendritic cells
SLOs	Secondary lymphoid organs
BALT	Bronchial associated lymphoid tissue
DFS	Disease-free survival
HGSC	High-grade serous ovarian cancer
ICB	Immune checkpoint blockade
BTLA	B and T lymphocyte attenuator
TCF7	Transcription factor 7
TIM3	T cell immunoglobulin mucin 3
MOAs	Mechanism of Actions
IRF8	IFN regulatory factor 8
TGR	Tumour growth rate
TGK	Tumour growth kinetics
TTF	Time to treatment failure
cfDNA	Cell-free DNA
ctDNA	Circulating tumour DNA