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. 2021 Jul 21;15:686239. doi: 10.3389/fncom.2021.686239

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Copyright © 2021 Rolls.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cortical architecture for hierarchical and attention-based visual perception. The system has six modules organized so that they resemble the ventral visual stream (Left) and dorsal visual stream (Right) of the primate visual system. Information from the lateral geniculate (LGN) enters V1. The ventral visual stream leads through V2–V4 to the inferior temporal visual cortex (IT), and is mainly concerned with object recognition. The dorsal visual stream leads via areas such as MT into the posterior parietal cortex (PP), and is involved in this model in maintaining a spatial map of an object’s location. The solid lines with arrows between levels show the forward connections, and the dashed lines the top-down backprojections. Short-term memory systems in the prefrontal cortex (PF46) apply top-down attentional bias to the object (from PFv) or spatial processing (from OFd) streams. (After Deco and Rolls, 2004).