FIGURE 2.

Tumor‐supportive and tumor‐suppressive roles of IL‐25 in cancer. In tumor‐supportive function (shown in the yellow area), IL‐25 binding to its receptor on macrophages and TH cells mediates their conversion into M2 macrophages and TH2 cells, respectively. Also, IL‐25 via induction of JAK2/STAT3 signaling promotes cancer stem cell's self‐renewal. Moreover, induction of MVP and LMW‐E via IL‐25 leads to tumorigenesis and cisplatin resistance. In tumor‐suppressive function (shown in the green area), IL‐25 activates caspase enzymes to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. Also, IL‐25 infiltrates eosinophils and B cells into the tumor microenvironment to mediate tumor cell killing