Skip to main content
. 2021 Jul 23;17(7):e1009774. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009774

Fig 4. Gut dysbiosis aggravates E. coli-induced mastitis.

Fig 4

(A) Schematic representation. The mice were treated with ABX (1 g/L ampicillin, neomycin sulfate and metronidazole and 0.5 g/L vancomycin) for 3 weeks, and ABX was removed for 2 days before mastitis was induced by E. coli. (B) Representative H&E staining of mammary gland tissue sections employed in histological analysis. The black arrow indicates inflammatory cells infiltration (scale bar, 50 μm). (C) Histological score according to H&E staining sections (n = 5). MPO activity (D), TNF-α (E) and IL-1β (F) were measured using ELISA on different groups mice (n = 5). Levels of occludin and claudin-3 protein (G) and intensity analysis (H-I) (n = 5). (J) Representative occludin antibody stained mammary gland sections (scale bar, 50 μm). The black arrow indicates positive staining. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 indicate significant differences from each group. ns, no significance. One-way analysis of variance was performed and the data are presented as the means ± SEM (C–F and H-I). ABX, a cocktail of antibiotics.