Table 4.
Multivariate Cox Proportional Hazards Model Analysis of the Risk of Clinically Relevant (≥7%) Weight Loss
| Parameter | HR (95% CI) | p-valuea |
|---|---|---|
| Antipsychotic | ||
| Lurasidone (REF) | ||
| Aripiprazole (SGA) | 0.647 (0.521; 0.802) | <0.0001 |
| Ziprasidone (SGA) | 0.949 (0.741; 1.216) | 0.6815 |
| Haloperidol (FGA) | 0.756 (0.593; 0.965) | 0.0246 |
| Olanzapine (SGA) | 0.723 (0.585; 0.894) | 0.0027 |
| Quetiapine (SGA) | 0.792 (0.649; 0.966) | 0.0212 |
| Risperidone (SGA) | 0.781 (0.642; 0.951) | 0.0137 |
| Duration of index antipsychotic | 1.001 (1; 1.001) | 0.0417 |
| Index year | ||
| 2013 (REF) | ||
| 2014 | 0.930 (0.793; 1.091) | 0.3732 |
| 2015 | 0.894 (0.756; 1.056) | 0.1872 |
| 2016 | 0.77 (0.639; 0.927) | 0.0058 |
| 2017 | 0.849 (0.699; 1.031) | 0.0984 |
| 2018 | 0.932 (0.761; 1.141) | 0.4955 |
| 2019 | 2.328 (1.626; 3.332) | <0.0001 |
| Sex | ||
| Female (REF) | ||
| Male | 0.885 (0.8; 0.98) | 0.0187 |
| Age group category, years | ||
| 18–34 (REF) | ||
| 35–44 | 0.977 (0.825; 1.157) | 0.7885 |
| 45–54 | 1.051 (0.898; 1.23) | 0.5318 |
| 55–64 | 1.045 (0.891; 1.227) | 0.5866 |
| 65–74 | 1.136 (0.931; 1.386) | 0.2086 |
| ≥75 | 1.34 (1.037; 1.733) | 0.0255 |
| Region of residence | ||
| Northeast (REF) | ||
| Midwest | 1.030 (0.886; 1.197) | 0.7005 |
| South | 1.131 (0.989; 1.293) | 0.0722 |
| West | 1.054 (0.894; 1.242) | 0.5341 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Caucasian (REF) | ||
| African American | 1.005 (0.886; 1.139) | 0.9409 |
| Asian | 0.799 (0.505; 1.265) | 0.3394 |
| Hispanic | 0.850 (0.545; 1.327) | 0.4755 |
| Others/unknown | 0.865 (0.747; 1.000) | 0.0500 |
| Comorbidity | ||
| Major depressive disorder | 0.984 (0.858; 1.128) | 0.8151 |
| Anxiety disorders | 0.996 (0.879; 1.13) | 0.9556 |
| Substance abuse | 1.211 (1.093; 1.342) | 0.0003 |
| Hypertension | 1.037 (0.922; 1.166) | 0.5422 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 0.928 (0.825; 1.045) | 0.217 |
| Diabetes (type 1 or 2) | 1.13 (0.996; 1.282) | 0.0576 |
| Hyperprolactinaemia | 0.448 (0.144; 1.393) | 0.1652 |
| Insomnia | 0.966 (0.809; 1.153) | 0.7009 |
| Weigh at index date or within 1 month before index date | 1.004 (1.002; 1.007) | <0.0001 |
Notes: aValues in bold indicate parameters with significantly increased risk of clinically relevant (≥7%) weight loss.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FGA, first-generation antipsychotic; HR, hazard ratio; REF, reference; SGA, second-generation antipsychotic.