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. 2021 Aug 4;11:15782. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95245-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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KIR2DL3 inhibits conventional T lymphocyte response against target cells expressing C1 ligands and HLA-C*04 C2 ligand with higher effect on allogeneic than autologous ligands. (A) KIR2DL3⁺ and KIR2DL3⁻ HLA-A2-pp65 specific T cell degranulation observed after 5 h incubation in the presence of pp65 (0, 0.01, and 0.1 µg/ml) loaded autologous EBV-B cell line, (B) allogeneic C1C1 ChT (HLA-C*03:04) and HiD (HLA-C*03:04; C*08:01) EBV-B cell lines, (C) C2C2 JVM (HLA-C*05:01) and BM9 (HLA-C*04:01) EBV-B cell lines at an effector: target ratio of 10:1 for three representative individuals (C1C1 I6, C1C2 I10 and C2C2 I19). Experiments were performed from 5 C1C1, 3 C1C2 and 2 C2C2 blood donors. (D) Violin plots of KIR2DL3⁺ and KIR2DL3⁻ HLA-A2-pp65 specific T cell degranulation observed after 5 h incubation in the presence of pp65 (0.1 µg/ml) loaded C1C1 EBV-B cell lines for 5 C1C1, 3 C1C2 and 2 C2C2 blood donors. Paired t test was used to evaluate whether values between KIR2DL3⁺ and KIR2DL3⁻ T cell degranulation were significantly different. **, *** and ****indicate p < 0.01, p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001 respectively. (E) KIR2DL3⁺ and KIR2DL3⁻ HLA-A2-pp65 specific T cell degranulation observed after 5 h incubation in the presence of pp65 (0, 0.01, and 0.1 µg/ml) loaded allogeneic C1C1 and C2C2 immature dendritic cells at an effector: target ratio of 10:1 for one representative C1C1 (I6) and (F) C2C2 individuals (I19). (G) KIR2DL2⁺ HLA-A2-pp65 specific T cell degranulation observed after 5 h incubation in the presence of pp65 (0, 0.01, and 0.1 µg/ml) loaded allogeneic C1C1 (ChT, HiD) and C2C2 (JVM, BM9) EBV-B cell lines for one representative C1C1 individual (I4).