Table 1.
Baseline clinical, laboratory, and OCST data of the study population.
| Characteristics | Control (n = 67) | OSA (n = 179) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical parameters | |||
| Age (years) | 56.6 ± 13.5 | 56.7 ± 12.4 | 0.958 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 44 (65.7) | 139 (77.7) | 0.055 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 135.6 ± 19.7 | 136.2 ± 16.0 | 0.824 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 79.9 ± 13.1 | 82.6 ± 13.2 | 0.163 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 3.5 | 28.4 ± 4.6 | 0.002* |
| Obesity, n (%) | 43 (64.2) | 134 (74.9) | 0.068 |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 15 (22.4) | 44 (24.6) | 0.720 |
| Cigarette smoking, n (%) | 29 (43.3) | 79 (44.1) | 0.905 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 25 (37.3) | 54 (30.2) | 0.285 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 53 (79.1) | 150 (83.8) | 0.388 |
| CAD, n (%) | 28 (41.8) | 104 (58.1) | 0.022* |
| Medical therapy | |||
| CCBs, n (%) | 33 (49.3) | 97 (54.2) | 0.490 |
| α- or β-Blockers, n (%) | 29 (43.3) | 97 (54.2) | 0.128 |
| ACEIs/ARBs, n (%) | 36 (53.7) | 114 (63.7) | 0.154 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 9 (13.4) | 47 (26.3) | 0.033 |
| ≥ 3 classes of anti-hypertensive medications, n (%) | 14 (20.9) | 60 (33.5) | 0.055 |
| Hypertension severity | |||
| Stage-2 hypertension, n (%) | 21 (31.3) | 73 (40.8) | 0.175 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| Monocyte count (109/L) | 0.4 (0.3–0.4) | 0.4 (0.3–0.5) | 0.069 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 132.0 (95.2–180.7) | 152.4 (111.6–219.7) | 0.098 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 177.8 ± 41.9 | 173.8 ± 42.3 | 0.507 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 41.7 ± 8.5 | 38.7 ± 8.2 | 0.010* |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 99.2 ± 30.9 | 98.3 ± 27.3 | 0.825 |
| MHR | 9.2 ± 2.6 | 10.8 ± 3.6 | < 0.001* |
| OCST parameters | |||
| AHI (events/h) | 2.8 ± 1.4 | 24.8 ± 16.1 | < 0.001* |
| Mean SpO2 (%) | 94 (93–95) | 94 (92–95) | 0.018* |
| LSpO2 (%) | 82 (80–86) | 80 (76–83) | < 0.001* |
| TS90 (%) | 4 (2–38) | 23 (7–66) | 0.002* |
| ODI | 4.0 ± 4.8 | 20.5 ± 15.3 | < 0.001* |
Data are means ± standard deviation, numbers of subjects (%), or medians (range).
OSA obstructive sleep apnea, BP blood pressure, BMI body mass index, CAD coronary artery disease, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, MHR monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, OCST out of center sleep testing, AHI apnea–hypopnea index, Mean SpO2 mean oxygen saturation, LSpO2 lowest pulse oxygen saturation, TS90 the percentage of sleep duration with SpO2 < 90%, ODI oxygen desaturation index.
*P < 0.05.