Table 2.
During COVID-19, clinical, laboratory, and treatment features of the patients with and without asthma
| Patients diagnosed with asthma (n = 54) | Patients not diagnosed with asthma (n = 162) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| Age, yr, median IQR | 10.5 (7–15) | 11.5 (7–15) | 0.863• |
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Male | 29 (53.7) | 85 (52.5) | 0.875 |
| Contact history, n (%) | |||
| Family cluster | 24 (44.4) | 90 (55.6) | 0.157 |
| Unidentified source of infection | 30 (55.6) | 72 (44.4) | |
| Symptoms at admission | |||
| Having symptoms, n (%) | 51 (94.4) | 139 (85.8) | 0.091 |
| Duration of symptoms before admission to hospital, days, mean ± SD | 2.97±2.18 | 2.11±1.43 | 0.016• |
| Symptoms*, n (%) | |||
| Fever | 13 (27.5) | 84 (51.9) | 0.814 |
| Throat pain | 10 (18.5) | 43 (26.5) | 0.235 |
| Cough | 32 (59.3) | 57 (35.2) | 0.002 |
| Short of breath | 12 (22.2) | 7 (4.3) | 0.000 |
| Chest tightness | 1 (1.9) | 6 (3.7) | 0.683* |
| Rhinorrhoea | 6 (11.1) | 11 (6.8) | 0.307 |
| Nonrespiratory system symptoms | 32 (59.3) | 79 (48.8) | 0.181 |
| Emesis | 10 (18.5) | 8 (4.9) | 0.002 |
| Vomiting | 8 (14.8) | 10 (6.2) | 0.47 |
| Abdominal pain | 2 (3.7) | 11 (6.8) | 0.525* |
| Diarrhea | 13 (24.1) | 18 (11.1) | 0.019 |
| Joint pain | 6 (11.1) | 16 (9.9) | 0.795 |
| Myalgia | 2 (3.7) | 7 (4.3) | 1* |
| Headache | 5 (9.3) | 30 (18.5) | 0.110 |
| Fatique | 9 (16.7) | 26 (16) | 0.915 |
| Loss of smell or taste | 2 (3.7) | 8 (4.9) | 1* |
| Loss of appetite | 3 (5.6) | 0 (0) | 0.015* |
| Physical examination, n (%) | |||
| Having pathologic physical finding | 11 (20.4) | 48 (29.6) | 0.186 |
| Having hypoxia | 3 (5.6) | 2 (1.2) | 0.101* |
| Having tachypnea | 1 (1.9) | 4 (2.5) | 1* |
| Having rales | 0 | 2 (1.2) | 1* |
| Having ronchus | 2 (3.7) | 1 (0.6) | 0.155* |
| Treatment, n (%) | |||
| Patients being given drugs during COVID-19 | 12 (22.2) | 25 (15.4) | 0.251 |
| Favipiravir | 1 (1.9) | 2 (1.2) | |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 2 (3.7) | 1 (0.6) | |
| Oseltamivir | 2 (3.7) | 0 | |
| Antibiotic | 7 (13) | 22 (13.6) | 0.908 |
| Short-acting beta-agonists | 11 (20.4) | 2 (1.2) | 0.000* |
| Systemic steroid | 3 (5.6) | 2 (1.2) | 0.097* |
| Hospitalization | |||
| Hospitalized, n (%) | 14 (25.9) | 21 (13) | 0.025 |
| Duration of hospitalization, days, mean | 3.6 | 5.5 | 0.034° |
| Hospitalized in intensive care unit, n (%) | 0 | 1 (0.6) | |
| Requiring oxygen, n (%) | 4 (7.4) | 5 (3.1) | 0.232* |
| Requiring oxygen via high flow nasal oxygen, n (%) | 0 | 2 (1.2) | |
| Imaging tests, n (%) | |||
| Having chest graphy | 42 (77.8) | 96 (59.3) | 0.014 |
| Having pathologic radiographic findings | 19 (35.2) | 49 (30.2) | 0.494 |
| Infiltration | 4 (7.4) | 13 (8) | |
| Ground glass opacity | 0 | 2 (2.1) | |
| Stripe shadowing | 10 (18.5) | 17 (10.5) | |
| Hilar enlargement | 5 (9.3) | 17 (10.5) | |
| Having thorax CT | 3 (5.6) | 3 (1.9) | 0.167* |
| Infiltration | 2 (3.7) | 3 (1.9) | 0.10* |
| Ground glass opacity | 2 (3.7) | 2 (1.2) | 1* |
IQR, interquartile range. χ2 test.
*
Fisher test. •Mann-Whitney test. “Student t test/Independent T test. ♦Column percentage.