Table 1.

Included Study Location, Sample Size, and Physical Activity Outcomes

Author, Year	Recruitment Country	Sample (n)*	Objective PA Outcomes Effect Size (d), Significance (p)	Self Report PA Outcomes Effect Size (d), Significance (p)
RCT
Bombardier et al., 2013; Kratz et al., 2014	USA	92	N/A	7-day PAR (0.45, 0.02)
Canning & Hicks, 2020	Canada	91	Adherence (1.15, <0.05)	N/A
Carter et al., 2013	UK	28	Adherence (NR)	GLTEQ (0.11, 0.59)
Carter et al., 2014; Saxton et al., 2013	UK	120	Accelerometry (0.28, ≤0.01), Adherence (NR)	GLTEQ (0.51, ≤0.01)
Dlugonski et al., 2012	USA	45	N/A	GLTEQ (0.87, 0.001)
Donkers et al., 2020	Canada	48	Adherence (0.13, 0.21)	N/A
Geddes et al., 2009	USA	12	Adherence (NR)	N/A
Geertz et al., 2015	Germany	47	N/A	Self-Reported Physical Activity Outside the Study (NR)
Hayes et al., 2017; Coote et al., 2017; Coote et al., 2014	Ireland	65	Accelerometry (−0.52, 0.81), Adherence (NR),	GLTEQ (−0.13, <0.01)
Learmonth et al., 2011	UK	32	N/A	PhoneFITT (0.55, <0.001)
Learmonth et al., 2017; Adamson et al., 2016	USA	57	Accelerometry (0.21, NS)	GLTEQ (0.64, <0.01)
Lithopoulos et al., 2017	Canada	206	N/A	LTPAQ-SCI (0.34, <0.05)
McAuley et al., 2007	USA	26	Adherence (0.48, 0.50)	N/A
McAuley et al., 2015; Wojcicki et al., 2014	USA	48	N/A	GLTEQ Leisure (0.61, 0.05), GLTEQ MVPA (0.71, 0.02)
McCullagh et al., 2008	Ireland	30	Adherence (NR)	N/A
Motl et al., 2011	USA	54	N/A	GLTEQ (0.74, 0.01)
Motl et al., 2017	USA	47	Accelerometry (0.36, 0.24)	GLTEQ (0.61, 0.05)
Pilutti et al., 2014; Motl et al., 2015; Klaren et al., 2014; Pilutti et al., 2014; Sandroff et al., 2014	USA	82	Accelerometry (0.41, 0.07), Adherence (NR)	GLTEQ (0.77, 0.001), IPAQ (0.55, NR)
Plow et al., 2014; Plow et al., 2014	USA	30	N/A	GLTEQ (0.61, 0.002), PADS (0.86, 0.004)
Plow et al., 2019; Plow et al., 2019; Plow et al., 2012	USA	208	Accelerometry PA vs FM (0.41, 0.29), PA vs Control (0.69, 0.02)	GLTEQ PA vs FM (−0.05, 0.68), PA vs Control (0.36, 0.04)
Rice et al., 2015	USA	14	Accelerometry (0.23, 0.65)	N/A
Romberg et al., 2004	Finland	114	Adherence (NR)	N/A
Ryan et al., 2019; Ryan et al., 2017	Ireland	60	Accelerometry (0.04, NS), Adherence (NR)	IPAQ (−0.54, NS)
Sandroff et al., 2016	USA	10	Adherence (NR)	N/A
Sebastião et al., 2018; Sebastião et al., 2017	USA	26	Adherence (NR), Pedometry (NR, <0.001)	N/A
Smith et al., 2012	USA	13	Adherence (−0.50, NS)	N/A
Suh et al., 2015	USA	68	N/A	GLTEQ (0.33, 0.02)
Tallner et al., 2016	Germany	126	Adherence (NR)	BQ (0.56, S)
Thomas et al., 2017; Thomas et al., 2014	UK	30	Accelerometry (NR), Adherence (NR)	GLTEQ (0.85, NR)
Turner et al., 2016	USA	64	N/A	GLTEQ (0.45, 0.049)
Pre Post
Dixon-Ibarra et al., 2017	USA	13	Adherence (NR)	N/A
Dlugonski et al., 2011	USA	21	Accelerometry (0.68, 0.006)	GLTEQ (0.34, 0.07), IPAQ (0.43, 0.03)
Feys et al., 2013	Belgium	57	N/A	PASIPD (0.17, 0.08)
Hale et al., 2013	New Zealand	28	N/A	Self-Reported Physical Activity Diary (−0.17, NR)
Kinnett-Hopkins & Motl, 2018	USA	32	N/A	GLTEQ (1.49, <0.001)
Mandelbaum et al., 2015	USA	8	Adherence (NR)	GLTEQ (NR, 0.01)
Motl & Dlugonski, 2011	USA	18	Accelerometry (0.92, <0.001), Pedometry (1.04, <0.001)	GLTEQ (0.83, 0.0015), IPAQ (1.12, <0.001)
Plow & Finlayson, 2011	USA	30	N/A	PADS (0.65, 0.001)

Note: RCT= Randomized Controlled Trial; USA= United States of America; UK= United Kingdom; PAR= Physical Activity Recall; GLTEQ= Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire; IPAQ= International Physical Activity Questionnaire; LTPAQ-SCI= Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire for People with Spinal Cord Injury; PADS= Physical Activity and Disability Survey; PASIPD= Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities; MVPA= Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity; BQ= Baecke Questionnaire; NR= Not Reported; N/A= Not Applicable; NS= Not Significant; S= Significant No Value Provided; PA= PA Group; FM= Fatigue Management Group

^*RCTs= Sample Size Randomized