Fig. 3.

Pretreatment MR or CT scan showed that the patients (except patients 4 and 10) had a unresectable HCC before systemic treatment and imaging scan before surgery. The major reason of unresectability were tumor invasion into major portal vein (patients 1 and 2), into the first branch of the portal vein (patients 6 and 9), into middle hepatic vein (patient 7), or into right atrium (patient 8; the intrahepatic nodule was not shown on this image) (red arrows); multiple intrahepatic lesions (yellow arrows) (patients 3 and 5) (only 1 nodule was shown on this image for patient 5). Before surgery, obvious tumor regression was observed in all the cases, except sustained stable disease were seen for patient 2, and partial response in the intrahepatic lesion but a new metastatic lesion in the right adrenal gland (green arrow) for patient 9. HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; MR, magnetic resonance; CT, computed tomography.