Table 1. Chest computed tomographic abnormalities in COVID-19 (7-10).
| Site | Findings |
|---|---|
| Lung parenchyma* | Early phase (in the first week after symptom onset) |
| GGO (predominantly bilateral, peripheral, posterior, and lower lobe involvement) | |
| GGO +/− consolidation | |
| Interlobular septal thickening | |
| Crazy paving | |
| ‘Reverse halo’ sign | |
| Cavitation | |
| Late phase (from second week onwards) | |
| Subpleural line | |
| Reticulation | |
| Fibrosis | |
| Pneumatocele and bulla formation (may precede the development of pneumothorax) | |
| Pulmonary vasculature | Peri and intralesional dilated pulmonary vasculature |
| Pulmonary embolism | |
| Airways | Bronchial wall thickening |
| Bronchiolitis | |
| Traction bronchiectasis | |
| Mucus impaction | |
| Pleura | Pleural thickening |
| Pleural retraction | |
| Pleural effusion | |
| Pneumothorax | |
| Mediastinum | Pericardial effusion |
| Mediastinal lymphadenopathy | |
| Pneumomediastinum | |
| Other | Subcutaneous emphysema |
*The parenchymal changes do not follow strict time frame and may overlap. GGO, ground glass opacity.