TABLE 3.

Role of miRNAs in regulation of CSCs in CRC (ANTs, adjacent non-cancerous tissues).

microRNA	Samples	Cell lines	Target	Function	References
miR-215	Mouse/Human; 50 pairs of cancerous and ANTs	Primary spheroid cultures T6, T18, T20, T51, primary colon tumor-initiating cell	LGR5	miR-215 by targeting LGR5 could counteract hypoxia-induced CSC activity.	Ullmann et al., 2019
miR-221	Mouse/Human/TCGA database; CRC (n = 6), colon normal (n = 4)	HCT116, 293T, EpCAMÞ+/CD44+, EpCAMÞ/CD44, PDX-KUC1	QKI-5	miR-221 by targeting QKI can enhance the malignant abilities of human CRC stem cells.	Mukohyama et al., 2019
miR-92a	Mouse/Human; tumor tissues from CRC responding (n = 12) and non-responding (n = 12)	HT-29, HCT116, HT29/5-FU, HCT116/5-FU	KLF4, GSK-3β, DKK3, PARP, CD133, SOX2, OCT4, MYC, CCND1, MMP-7, Wnt/β-catenin, IL6/STAT3	IL-6/STAT3/miR-92a/Wnt/β-catenin axis could regulate stem cell-like properties in CRC.	Zhang G.-J. et al., 2017
miR-450a-5p	Mouse/Human; 90 pairs of cancerous and ANTs	SW480, SW620, 293T, HUVECs	SOX2, CD133, CD31, V-cadherin, E-cadherin, Nango, Snail, Twist, Vimentin	miR-450a-5p by targeting SOX2 could regulate cancer stem cell properties and angiogenesis in CRC.	Wang M. et al., 2020