TABLE 1.
MSCs-associated lncRNAs in multi-lineage differentiation.
| Name of lncRNA | Function and MSC sources | Working model | Mechanism-effector and target | References |
| lncRNAs modulating MSC mesodermal lineage differentiation | ||||
| Osteogenesis, adipogenesis and chondrogenesis | ||||
| H19 | Inhibit adipogenesis and BMSC | Epigenetic modulation | CTCF/H19/miR-675/HDAC | Huang et al., 2016 |
| Promote osteogenesis and BMSC | Sponging | miR-141, miR-22/Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Liang et al., 2016 | |
| miR-138/FAK pathway | Wu et al., 2018 | |||
| MEG3 | Promote osteogenesis and BMSC (MM patients) | Decoy | SOX2/BMP4 | Zhuang et al., 2015 |
| Inhibit osteogenesis and DFSCs | Unclassified | EZH2/Wnt genes | Deng et al., 2018 | |
| Inhibit osteogenesis and BMSCs (PMOP patients) | Sponging | miR-133a-3p | Wang et al., 2017 | |
| Inhibit adipogenesis, promote osteogenesis, and ADSC | Sponging | miR-140-5p. | Li et al., 2017 | |
| DANCR | Promote chondrogenesis and SMSC | Sponging | miR-1305/Smad4 axis | Zhang et al., 2017 |
| Inhibit osteogenesis and BMSC | Unclassified | p38 MAPK pathway | Zhang et al., 2018 | |
| MALAT1 | Promote osteogenic and BMSC | Sponging | miR-34c/SATB2 | Yang et al., 2019 |
| miR-143/OSX | Gao et al., 2018 | |||
| PGC1β-OT1 | Inhibit adipogenesis, promote osteogenesis, and BMSC | Sponging | miR-148a-3p/KDM6B | Yuan et al., 2019 |
| ROA | Inhibit adipogenesis and BMSC | Decoy | hnRNP A1/PTX3/ERK | Pan et al., 2020 |
| 13728 | Promote adipogenesis and ADSC | Unclassified | ZBED3/Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Xu et al., 2021 |
| Endothelial and cardiac differentiation | ||||
| MEG3 | Inhibit endothelial differentiation and BMSC | Post-transcriptional modulation | FOXM1/VEGF | Sun et al., 2018 |
| MIAT | Promote endothelial differentiation and BMSC | Sponging | miR-200a/VEGF | Wang et al., 2018 |
| HULC | Promote epithelial and smooth muscle-like cell differentiation and ADSC | Unclassified | BMP9/Wnt–β-catenin/Notch pathway | Li Y. et al., 2018 |
| Braveheart | Promote cardiogenic differentiation | Unclassified | Mesp1 | Hou et al., 2017 |
| lncRNAs modulating MSC trans-differentiation into endoderm lineage | ||||
| ANCR | Inhibit DE commitment andADSC | Scaffold | ID2/PTK2B | Li et al., 2019 |
| MALAT1 | Promote trans-differentiate into hepatocyte and BMSC | Sponging | β-catenin/miR-217/ZEB1 | Tan et al., 2019 |
| lncRNAs modulating MSC trans-differentiation into ectoderm lineage | ||||
| H19 | Inhibit trans-differentiate into neural-like cells and BMSC | Sponging | miR-675/IGFR | Farzi-Molan et al., 2018 |