Table 3.
Prevalence of alcohol use depending on smoking and prevalence of smoking depending on alcohol use among Japanese adolescents (aged 12–18 years) between 1996 and 2017 by sex
Year | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2017 | Reduction rate† | ||
%* 95% CI |
%* 95% CI |
%* 95% CI |
%* 95% CI |
%* 95% CI |
%* 95% CI |
||||
Alcohol use in the past 30 days | Boys | Non-smokers | 30.4 (30.3 to 30.5) |
30.1 (30.1 to 30.2) |
23.0 (22.9 to 23.0) |
12.7 (12.7 to 12.8) |
9.0 (9.0 to 9.1) |
4.3 (4.3 to 4.3) |
0.86 |
Smokers | 72.0 (71.9 to 72.1) |
72.0 (71.9 to 72.1) |
72.5 (72.4 to 72.7) |
66.3 (66.1 to 66.5) |
64.8 (64.5 to 65.0) |
55.3 (54.9 to 55.7) |
0.23 | ||
Girls | Non-smokers | 27.8 (27.7 to 27.8) |
29.1 (29.1 to 29.2) |
23.7 (23.7 to 23.8) |
13.8 (13.8 to 13.8) |
10.7 (10.7 to 10.8) |
3.7 (3.7 to 3.8) |
0.87 | |
Smokers | 76.7 (76.5 to 76.9) |
76.3 (76.2 to 76.5) |
77.0 (76.8 to 77.2) |
73.7 (73.5 to 74.0) |
79.5 (79.2 to 79.9) |
62.0 (61.5 to 62.5) |
0.19 | ||
Both | Non-smokers | 29.0 (29.0 to 29.0) |
29.6 (29.6 to 29.6) |
23.4 (23.3 to 23.4) |
13.3 (13.2 to 13.3) |
9.9 (9.8 to 9.9) |
4.0 (4.0 to 4.0) |
0.86 | |
Smokers | 73.3 (73.2 to 73.4) |
73.3 (73.2 to 73.4) |
74.1 (74.0 to 74.2) |
68.7 (68.6 to 68.9) |
69.2 (69.0 to 69.4) |
57.4 (57.1 to 57.7) |
0.22 | ||
Smoking in the past 30 days | Boys | Non-drinkers | 10.6 (10.6 to 10.7) |
9.2 (9.1 to 9.2) |
4.0 (4.0 to 4.1) |
2.5 (2.5 to 2.5) |
1.4 (1.4 to 1.5) |
1.0 (1.0 to 1.0) |
0.91 |
Drinkers | 41.2 (41.1 to 41.3) |
37.6 (37.5 to 37.7) |
27.1 (27.0 to 27.2) |
25.8 (25.7 to 25.9) |
21.3 (21.2 to 21.5) |
22.1 (21.9 to 22.3) |
0.46 | ||
Girls | Non-drinkers | 3.1 (3.1 to 3.1) |
3.4 (3.3 to 3.4) |
1.9 (1.8 to 1.9) |
1.0 (1.0 to 1.0) |
0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) |
0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) |
0.87 | |
Drinkers | 21.4 (21.3 to 21.5) |
21.4 (21.3 to 21.5) |
17.0 (16.9 to 17.1) |
15.1 (15.0 to 15.2) |
11.2 (11.1 to 11.3) |
14.8 (14.6 to 15.0) |
0.31 | ||
Both | Non-drinkers | 6.7 (6.7 to 6.7) |
6.2 (6.2 to 6.2) |
3.0 (2.9 to 3.0) |
1.8 (1.8 to 1.8) |
0.9 (0.9 to 0.9) |
0.7 (0.7 to 0.7) |
0.90 | |
Drinkers | 32.5 (32.4 to 32.5) |
30.2 (30.1 to 30.2) |
22.2 (22.2 to 22.3) |
20.6 (20.5 to 20.7) |
16.2 (16.1 to 16.3) |
18.9 (18.8 to 19.0) |
0.42 |
*Adjusted for grade and sex.
†Reduction rate = (prevalence in 1996 − prevalence in 2017)/prevalence in 1996.