Skip to main content
. 2021 Aug 4;11(8):e045063. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045063

Table 3.

Prevalence of alcohol use depending on smoking and prevalence of smoking depending on alcohol use among Japanese adolescents (aged 12–18 years) between 1996 and 2017 by sex

Year 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2017 Reduction rate†
%*
95% CI
%*
95% CI
%*
95% CI
%*
95% CI
%*
95% CI
%*
95% CI
Alcohol use in the past 30 days Boys Non-smokers 30.4
(30.3 to 30.5)
30.1
(30.1 to 30.2)
23.0
(22.9 to 23.0)
12.7
(12.7 to 12.8)
9.0
(9.0 to 9.1)
4.3
(4.3 to 4.3)
0.86
Smokers 72.0
(71.9 to 72.1)
72.0
(71.9 to 72.1)
72.5
(72.4 to 72.7)
66.3
(66.1 to 66.5)
64.8
(64.5 to 65.0)
55.3
(54.9 to 55.7)
0.23
Girls Non-smokers 27.8
(27.7 to 27.8)
29.1
(29.1 to 29.2)
23.7
(23.7 to 23.8)
13.8
(13.8 to 13.8)
10.7
(10.7 to 10.8)
3.7
(3.7 to 3.8)
0.87
Smokers 76.7
(76.5 to 76.9)
76.3
(76.2 to 76.5)
77.0
(76.8 to 77.2)
73.7
(73.5 to 74.0)
79.5
(79.2 to 79.9)
62.0
(61.5 to 62.5)
0.19
Both Non-smokers 29.0
(29.0 to 29.0)
29.6
(29.6 to 29.6)
23.4
(23.3 to 23.4)
13.3
(13.2 to 13.3)
9.9
(9.8 to 9.9)
4.0
(4.0 to 4.0)
0.86
Smokers 73.3
(73.2 to 73.4)
73.3
(73.2 to 73.4)
74.1
(74.0 to 74.2)
68.7
(68.6 to 68.9)
69.2
(69.0 to 69.4)
57.4
(57.1 to 57.7)
0.22
Smoking in the past 30 days Boys Non-drinkers 10.6
(10.6 to 10.7)
9.2
(9.1 to 9.2)
4.0
(4.0 to 4.1)
2.5
(2.5 to 2.5)
1.4
(1.4 to 1.5)
1.0
(1.0 to 1.0)
0.91
Drinkers 41.2
(41.1 to 41.3)
37.6
(37.5 to 37.7)
27.1
(27.0 to 27.2)
25.8
(25.7 to 25.9)
21.3
(21.2 to 21.5)
22.1
(21.9 to 22.3)
0.46
Girls Non-drinkers 3.1
(3.1 to 3.1)
3.4
(3.3 to 3.4)
1.9
(1.8 to 1.9)
1.0
(1.0 to 1.0)
0.4
(0.4 to 0.4)
0.4
(0.4 to 0.4)
0.87
Drinkers 21.4
(21.3 to 21.5)
21.4
(21.3 to 21.5)
17.0
(16.9 to 17.1)
15.1
(15.0 to 15.2)
11.2
(11.1 to 11.3)
14.8
(14.6 to 15.0)
0.31
Both Non-drinkers 6.7
(6.7 to 6.7)
6.2
(6.2 to 6.2)
3.0
(2.9 to 3.0)
1.8
(1.8 to 1.8)
0.9
(0.9 to 0.9)
0.7
(0.7 to 0.7)
0.90
Drinkers 32.5
(32.4 to 32.5)
30.2
(30.1 to 30.2)
22.2
(22.2 to 22.3)
20.6
(20.5 to 20.7)
16.2
(16.1 to 16.3)
18.9
(18.8 to 19.0)
0.42

*Adjusted for grade and sex.

†Reduction rate = (prevalence in 1996 − prevalence in 2017)/prevalence in 1996.