Fig. 3.

Potential therapeutic agents for cGAS-STING signalling in liver diseases.

(A) Gv1001 and daunorubicin inhibit the replication of HBV by eliciting mitochondrial stress (mtDNA) and hepatocyte DNA damage (dsDNA), which result in cGAS-STING signalling activation. (B) The STING agonists cGAMP and c-di-AMP serve as HBV/HCV vaccine adjuvants. (C) Remdesivir reduces inflammation and lipid dysfunction in NAFLD by inhibiting cGAS-STING signalling. (D) Coadministration of cGAMP and PD-L1 antibodies leads to a powerful antitumor effect in HCC. C-di-AMP, cyclic di-AMP; cGAMP, cyclic GMP-AMP; cGAS, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; dsDNA, double-stranded DNA; mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand 1; STING, stimulator of interferon genes.