Table 2.
Patient characteristics and clinical parameters on ICU admission and on the day patients developed a secondary infection (alignment day) within the D−T−, D+T− and D+T+ groups
| No DEXA, no TOCI (D−T−) | DEXA, no TOCI (D+T−) | DEXA and TOCI (D+T+) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Secondary infection (n = 33) | No secondary infections (n = 33) | p value | Secondary infection (n = 13) | No secondary infections (n = 18) | p value | Secondary infection (n = 25) | No secondary infections (n = 28) | p value | |
| Sex, male | 26 (79) | 23 (70) | 0.57 | 9 (69) | 12 (67) | 1.00 | 19 (76) | 18 (64) | 0.39 |
| Age, years | 67 [60–73] | 65 [56–70] | 0.17 | 67 [59–73] | 71 [60–73] | 0.76 | 68 [59–71] | 63 [56–72] | 0.38 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.6 [25.4–31.1] | 27.7 [24.3–30.7] | 0.40 | 29.4 [25.5–32.5] | 29.8 [27.5–32.0] | 0.48 | 27.5 [26.0–34.4] | 29.4 [26.3–35.1] | 0.54 |
| APACHE II | 15 [13–19] | 15 [10–19] | 0.77 | 15 [12–22] | 17 [13–21] | 0.32 | 19 [15–22] | 16 [12–22] | 0.20 |
| Time from first COVID-19 symptoms until ICU admission, days | 10 [7–13] | 10 [6–14] | 0.96 | 9 [6–12] | 10 [8–12] | 0.45 | 9 [5–12] | 10 [9–11] | 0.40 |
| Medical history | |||||||||
| Renal insufficiency | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 1.00 | 1 (8) | 1 (6) | 1.00 | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 1.00 |
| Metastatic neoplasm | 2 (6) | 3 (9) | 1.00 | 0 (0) | 1 (6) | 1.00 | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 0.47 |
| Immunological insufficiency | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 1.00 | 0 (0) | 1 (6) | 1.00 | 1 (4) | 3 (11) | 0.61 |
| COPD | 3 (9) | 3 (9) | 1.00 | 1 (8) | 4 (22) | 0.37 | 3 (12) | 3 (11) | 1.00 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (33) | 4 (12) | 0.08 | 4 (31) | 8 (44) | 0.48 | 7 (28) | 7 (25) | 1.00 |
| Hypertension | 17 (52) | 16 (48) | 1.00 | 8 (62) | 12 (67) | 1.00 | 13 (52) | 15 (54) | 1.00 |
| Clinical parameters on alignment day | |||||||||
| Temperature, Celsius | 38.9 [37.8–40.0] | 38.2 [37.3–38.9] | 0.03 | 38.0 [37.2–38.6] | 37.6 [36.7–38.2] | 0.33 | 37.0 [36.7–38.6]] | 37.3 [36.9–37.9] | 0.90 |
| Leukocytes, × 109/L | 16.1 [12.9–20.2] | 11.7 [9.3–13.0] | 0.001 | 10.7 [8.1–16.1] | 10.9 [9.9–14.5] | 1.00 | 10.0 [7.3–14.6] | 9.1 [6.1–14.6] | 0.48 |
All statistically significant p-values are depicted in italics
Data of the no secondary infection groups were aligned on the median day following ICU admission that the secondary infections occurred in the affected groups. p values were calculated using Mann–Whitney or Chi-square tests. Data are presented as n (%) or median [IQR]