Table 2.
Factors involved in ferroptosis regulation.
| Regulator | Effects | References |
|---|---|---|
| Positive regulator | ||
| NCOA4 | Mediates iron metabolism | (20, 21) |
| Hmox1 | Mediates heme catabolism | (22) |
| LPCAT3 | Mediateds phospholipid remodeling | (23, 24) |
| ACSL4 | Mediates phospholipid metabolism | (23) |
| 15-LOX | Catalyze the dioxygenation of PUFAs | (25, 26) |
| p53 | Inhibits SLC7A11 expression | (27, 28) |
| Negative regulator | ||
| CISD1 and 2 | Regulate mitochondrial iron | (29, 30) |
| HSPB1 | Regulates iron uptake | (31) |
| GPX4 | Reduces phospholipid hydroperoxide | (32) |
| FSP1 | Reduces phospholipid hydroperoxide | (33, 34) |
| GCH1 | Mediates production of nitric oxide and aromatic amino acids | (35) |
| Nrf2 | Maintains oxidative homeostasis | (36) |
| SLC7A11 | Mediates cystine uptake and glutamate release | (37) |
NCOA4, Nuclear receptor coactivator 4; Hmox1, Heme oxygenase 1; LPCTA3, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3; ACSL4, Acyl-CoA synthetase long- chain family member 4; 15-LOX, 15-lipoxygenases; CISD, CDGSH iron sufur domain; HSPB1, heat shock protein beta-1; GPX4, glutathione peroxidase 4; FSP1, ferroptosis suppressor protein1; GCH1, guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2- related factor 2; SLC7A11, cystine/glutamate antiporter solute carrier family 7 member 11.