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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Jan 5;69(4):964–971. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16971

Table 2:

Multivariate-adjusted associations between household food security and diet quality indices among older adults with household incomes ≤300% of the federal poverty level

Continuous diet quality indices Quintiles of diet quality indices (comparing top quintile to bottom four quintiles

Multivariate-adjusted1 Multivariate-adjusted plus chronic medical conditions1 Multivariate-adjusted2 Multivariate-adjusted plus chronic medical conditions2

β 95% CI β 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Healthy Eating Index-2015
 Food secure Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
 Marginally food secure −1.43 −3.18, 0.33 −1.42 −3.19, 0.35 0.96 0.67, 1.38 0.96 0.67, 1.38
 Food insecure −1.90 −3.70, −0.09 −1.91 −3.72, −0.10 0.67 0.47, 0.96 0.68 0.47, 0.98
P-trend 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.06
Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010
 Food secure Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
 Marginally food secure −2.42 −3.76, −1.07 −2.41 −3.77, −1.04 0.58 0.41, 0.83 0.58 0.41, 0.83
 Food insecure −1.47 −2.51, −0.44 −1.49 −2.53, −0.45 0.58 0.43, 0.77 0.57 0.43, 0.76
P-trend 0.0008 0.0008 <0.0001 <0.0001
Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) Score
 Food secure Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
 Marginally food secure −0.62 −1.11, −0.12 −0.63 −1.12, −0.14 0.69 0.48, 0.99 0.69 0.48, 0.99
 Food insecure −0.54 −1.06, −0.01 −0.55 −1.09, −0.02 0.96 0.65, 1.42 0.94 0.64, 1.40
P-trend 0.02 0.02 0.56 0.51
1

Coefficients obtained from linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, poverty income ratio, marital status, smoking status, moderate or vigorous physical activity, and survey year

2

Coefficients obtained from logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, poverty income ratio, marital status, smoking status, moderate or vigorous physical activity, and survey year