Table 2.

Themes and Actionable Changes

Theme	Description	Actionable changes
		Processes and procedures	Materials and physical and virtual spaces	Staff and providers
Identifying disability and accommodations	Identify disability in the medical record and in person	• Ability for patient to self-identify as having a disability during registration • Ability to explain accommodations needed during patient registration or appointment scheduling	• Obvious identifier within the medical record for patients’ disability and accommodations needed for care • Inpatient identifiers (i.e., hospital bracelet, sign on door/above bed in room, in chart)	• Avoid making assumptions based on recorded disability
Accommodations in the environment: physical space, physical structures, scheduling and rooming patients	Physical environment, medical equipment, and policies and procedures must be capable of adjusting to patient needs	• Option for the patient to either room early or wait in a private space	• Wheelchair scale available • Hoyer lift (assistive equipment to lift the patient onto a table) or adjustable examination tables available • Ramps, door buttons • Accessible diagnostic equipment (i.e., mammography) • Wide doorways and wheelchair-accessible examination rooms	• Ask patient about preferences of waiting in examination room alone
Accommodations for administrative tasks	Administrative forms and pre-visit forms should be offered in multiple formats, different modalities, and administered at different times in the healthcare encounter	• If needed, provide in-person assistance with completing forms in private area • Ensure adequate time in between multiple visits within same healthcare system	• Forms available prior to appointment via mail or patient portal
Accommodations for communication during interactions	Interact with patients appropriately and ensure that your communication style and modality is patient-centered			• Utilize different modalities for patient information (i.e., videos, written instructions, diagrams, and audio) • Presume competence by addressing patient primarily • Pause and ensure patient understanding of plan after each major discussion point • Decrease medical jargon • Encourage post-visit follow up questions or more frequent appointment