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. 2021 Aug 5;11:15943. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95660-w

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) The temperature elevation in an aqueous solution of different IR-CS–PPy NCs concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 μg/mL) as a function of irradiation time by 808 nm laser at 2 W/cm² of laser power densities. (b) The temperature elevation of IR-CS–PPy NCs aqueous solution at a concentration of 125 μg/mL under 808-nm laser irradiation at different power densities (0.5 W/cm², 1.0 W/cm², 1.5 W/cm², and 2.0 W/cm²) for 5 min. (c) The photothermal response of IR-CS–PPy NCs (125 μg/mL) aqueous solution exposed to an 808-nm laser source at 2 W/cm² for 300 s and then the laser was shut off for about 900 s. (d) Temperature profiles of IR-CS–PPy NCs (125 μg/mL) aqueous solution for five on/off cycles. (e) The corresponding NIR thermographic images of the well containing IR-CS–PPy NCs (125 μg/mL) during 300 s of laser irradiation (2 W/cm²).