Table 4.

Comparison of the main study outcomes between the “BT group” and the “surgery group”.

	BT group (n = 36)	Surgery group (n = 50)	p-value	Statistical analysis	OR	MD	95% CI
Success of primary intervention	11 (30.6)a	32 (64.0)	0.002	Chi-square	0.25		0.1,0.62
Number of interventions per patient	2.36 ± 0.99b	1.44 ± 0.58c	<0.0001	Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney		0.92	0.58, 1.26
Near α at the last follow-up (PD)	6.81 ± 7.69	5.70 ± 7.68	0.73	Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney		1.11	−2.23, 4.45
Distance α at the last follow-up (PD)	3.72 ± 6.61	3.72 ± 7.02	0.87	Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney		0	−3.0, 3.0
Occurrence of IO muscle hyperfunction
- preoperative	0 (0)	12 (24.0)
- postoperative	18 (50.0)	7 (14.0)	0.004	Chi-square	4.43		1.55, 12.64
- overall	18 (50.0)	19 (38.0)	0.27	Chi-square	1.63		0.69, 3.89
Development of fine stereopsis	4 (11.1)	13 (26.0)	0.11	Fisher	0.36		0.11, 1.2

α, angle of deviation; PD, prism diopters; IO, inferior oblique; OR, odds ratio; MD, mean difference.

^a12 subjects presenting only a partial response to chemodenervation, underwent a second BT injection, with favorable outcome in 2 (16.7%);

^b85 operations on 36 patients;

^c72 operations on 50 patients.

Data are expressed as number of patients (%) or mean ± SD.