Table 3.

Adjusted and unadjusted mean differences for SPADI score for best practice advice vs progressive exercise and injection vs no injection

		Best practice advice		Progressive exercise		Between-group adjusted difference (99% CI)	p value*	No injection		Injection		Between-group adjusted difference (99% CI)	p value*
		Unadjusted mean (SD)	Adjusted mean (SE)	Unadjusted mean (SD)	Adjusted mean (SE)			Unadjusted mean (SD)	Adjusted mean (SE)	Unadjusted mean (SD)	Adjusted mean (SE)
SPADI score
	Baseline	56·1 (19); n=352	..	52·1 (17·7); n=354	..	..	..	53·8 (18·6); n=346	..	54·4 (18·4); n=360	..	..	..
	8 weeks	38·4 (22·7); n=312	36·96 (1·32); n=297	38·7 (22·9); n=326	39·50 (1·26); n=316	2·54 (−2·16 to 7·23)	0·16	41·7 (22·2); n=306	41·16 (1·24); n=300	35·7 (22·9); n=332	35·52 (1·22); n=313	−5·64 (−9·93 to −1·35)	<0·0001
	6 months	28·2 (23·8); n=301	27·39 (1·33); n=288	25·4 (23·1); n=314	25·87 (1·27); n=307	−1·52 (−6·26 to 3·22)	0·41	26·2 (23·4); n=294	26·33 (1·26); n=289	27·3 (23·7); n=321	26·85 (1·23); n=306	0·52 (−3·82 to 4·86)	0·76
	12 months	24·0 (24·1); n=303	23·67 (1·33); n=288	19·9 (22·7); n=314	20·57 (1·27); n=307	−3·10 (−7·85 to 1·64)	0·092	20·9 (23·1); n=296	21·07 (1·26); n=290	22·8 (23·7); n=321	23·00 (1·23); n=305	1·93 (−2·41 to 6·27)	0·25
	Over 12 months	30·3 (24·3); n=339	29·41 (1·08); n=339	28·1 (24·2); n=343	28·75 (1·03); n=343	−0·66 (−4·52 to 3·20)	0·66	29·7 (24·5); n=330	29·63 (1·0); n=330	28·7 (24·0); n=352	28·53 (0·98); n=352	−1·11 (−4·47 to 2·26)	0·40
CACE estimate		..	..	..	..	−0·27 (−2·69 to 2·16)	0·83	..	..	..	..	−1·50 (−3·61 to 0·61)	0·16

CACE=complier average causal effect. SPADI=Shoulder Pain and Disability Index.

^*SPADI analysis adjusted for age, sex, and baseline SPADI score, with random effects within participant, physiotherapist, and centre.