Table 1.
Demographic data and clinical manifestations in COVID-19 patients, active AOSD patients, and healthy subjects.
| COVID-19 (n = 55) | Active AOSD (n = 23) | Healthy control (n = 31) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 46.8 ± 16.0 | 42.6 ± 13.5 | 40.2 ± 7.2 |
| Male proportion (%) | 29 (52.7%)* | 4 (17.4%) | 6 (19.4%) |
| Female proportion (%) | 26 (47.3%) | 19 (82.6%) | 25 (80.6%) |
| Fever | 45 (81.8%) | 21 (91.3%) | NA |
| Fatigue | 23 (41.8%) | 12 (52.2%) | NA |
| Myalgia | 22 (40.0%) | 13 (56.5%) | NA |
| Arthralgia | 12 (21.8%)** | 17 (73.9%) | NA |
| Skin rash | 5 (9.1%)*** | 18 (78.3%) | NA |
| Sore throat | 8 (14.5%)** | 15 (65.2%) | NA |
| Liver dysfunctiona | 6 (10.9%)** | 10 (43.5%) | NA |
| Lung involvementb | 31 (56.4%)*** | 0 (0.0%) | NA |
| Gastrointestinal symptomsc | 10 (18.2%)* | 0 (0.0%) | NA |
| Headache | 12 (21.8%) | 2 (8.7%) | NA |
| Dysosmia | 4 (7.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | NA |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or number (%); NA, not applicable; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; AOSD, adult-onset Still’s disease.
athe presence of a twofold or more increase in alanine transaminase (ALT) that exceeded the upper limit of normal value (40 U/L).
bthe presence of pneumonitis or interstitial lung lesions.
cthe presence of nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.001, vs. active AOSD, as determined by chi-squared test.