Table 3.
Clinical outcomes amongst different viral infection groups.
| Influenza A | Influenza B | Parainfluenza | RSV | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30-day mortality | |||||
| Viral infection alone, N (%, 95 CI%) | 181/4042 (4.5, 3.9–5.2) | 31/772 (4.0, 3.0–6.0) | 71/843 (8.4, 6.6–10.5) | 54/711 (7.6, 5.8–9.8) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory-confirmed viral-bacterial co-infection, N (%, 95 CI%) | 64/616 (10.4, 8.1–13.1) | 15/145 (10.3, 6.0–16.5) | 21/185 (11.4, 7.1–16.8) | 19/141 (13.5, 8.3–20.2) | 0.752 |
| Clinically suspected viral-bacterial co-infection, N (%, 95 CI%) | 232/5534 (4.2, 3.7–4.8) | 36/1051 (3.4, 2.4–4.7) | 74/1037 (7.1, 5.6–8.9) | 62/829 (7.5, 5.8–9.5) | <0.001 |
| Total N (%, 95 CI%) | 477/10,192 (4.7, 4.3–5.1) | 82/1968 (4.2, 3.3–5.1) | 166/2065 (8.0, 6.9–9.3) | 135/1681 (8.0, 6.8–9.4) | <0.001 |
| ICU admission | |||||
| Viral infection, N (%, 95 CI%) | 129/4042 (3.2, 2.7–3.8) | 21/772 (2.7, 1.7–4.1) | 42/843 (5.0, 3.6–6.7) | 15/711 (2.1, 1.2–3.5) | 0.008 |
| Laboratory-confirmed viral-bacterial co-infection, N (%, 95 CI%) | 50/616 (8.1, 6.1–10.6) | 20/145 (13.8, 8.6–20.5) | 21/185 (11.4, 7.2–16.8) | 12/141 (8.5, 7.2–16.8) | 0.063 |
| Clinically suspected viral-bacterial co-infection, N (%, 95 CI%) | 161/5284 (3.0, 2.6–3.5) | 22/1051 (2.1, 1.3–3.2) | 40/1037 (3.9, 2.8–5.2) | 31/829 (3.7, 2.6–5.3) | 0.145 |
| Total N (%, 95 CI%) | 340/10,192 (3.3, 3.0–3.8) | 63/1968 (3.2, 2.5–4.1) | 103/2065 (5.0, 4.1–6.0) | 58/1681 (3.5, 2.6–4.4) | 0.002 |
| Subgroup history of patients without chronic pulmonary disease or chronic heart failure | |||||
| Total N (%, 95 CI%) | 292/7594 (3.8, 3.4–4.3) | 51/1537 (3.3, 2.5–4.3) | 111/1342 (8.3,6.9–9.9) | 84/1041 (8.1, 6.5–9.9) | <0.001 |
N: Sample size.
*The p-value refers to the comparisons of the outcomes amongst different viral infection groups using chi-square test.