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. 2021 Feb 19;16(10):2109–2120. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.303537

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Effects of luteolin (lut) on mRNA expression of inflammation-related cytokines in retinas of rd10 mice (rd).

(A–C) mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines Tnf-α and Il-1 β (A); chemoattractant cytokines Ccl-2, Ccl-3, and Cxcl-10(B); and anti-inflammatory cytokines Tgf- β, Arg-1, Il-6, Il-10, and Nos-2(C) in each group at P26, quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Luteolin significantly decreased upregulation of pro-inflammatory and chemoattractant cytokines in the retinas of rd10 mice, and significantly increased Tgf- β. Data were normalized to those of WT controls. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s posthoc test). Numbers within/near bars indicate quantities of mice tested. Arg-1: Arginase 1; Ccl: C-C motif chemokine ligand; Il: interleukin; Nos2: nitric oxide synthase 2; Tgf-β1: transforming growth factor β1; Tnf-α: tumor necrosis factor α; P: postnatal day; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; WT: wild-type.