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. 2021 Jul 20:M21-1375. doi: 10.7326/M21-1375

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This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use for research, analyses, and text and data mining through PubMed Central. Acknowledgement of the original source shall include a notice similar to the following: "© 2020 American College of Physicians. Some rights reserved. This work permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited." These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

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Figure. Adjusted HRs with 95% CIs for the observed associations between sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait with COVID-19–related hospitalization and COVID-19–related death; the reference group is persons without any sickle cell disorder. Cause-specific Cox regression models were stratified by individual general practice and adjusted for age (restricted cubic spline with 5 knots), sex, and self-reported ethnicity (White, South Asian, Black, and other [including Chinese, multiracial, and Arab]). We did post hoc analyses restricted to those with sickle cell disorders. For COVID-19–related hospitalization, compared with persons with sickle cell trait, those with sickle cell disease had an adjusted HR of 3.00 (95% CI, 1.99 to 4.52). For COVID-19–related death, persons with sickle cell disease had an adjusted HR of 1.37 (CI, 0.62 to 3.02) compared with those with sickle cell trait. HR = hazard ratio. — Cause-specific Cox regression models were stratified by individual general practice and adjusted for age (restricted cubic spline with 5 knots), sex, and self-reported ethnicity (White, South Asian, Black, and other [including Chinese, multiracial, and Arab]). We did post hoc analyses restricted to those with sickle cell disorders. For COVID-19–related hospitalization, compared with persons with sickle cell trait, those with sickle cell disease had an adjusted HR of 3.00 (95% CI, 1.99 to 4.52). For COVID-19–related death, persons with sickle cell disease had an adjusted HR of 1.37 (CI, 0.62 to 3.02) compared with those with sickle cell trait. HR = hazard ratio.