Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of parents with different hope scores (N = 317)
| Characteristics | N (%) | hope score(−x ±s) | F-value /t-value | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relationship to patient | ||||
| Mother | 205(64.67) | 35.17 ± 4.44 | −1.056# | 0.292a |
| Father | 112(35.33) | 35.71 ± 4.39 | ||
| Age, years | ||||
| ≤ 29 | 107(33.75) | 34.64 ± 4.33 | 2.129* | 0.121 |
| 29–35 | 134(42.27) | 35.74 ± 4.66 | ||
| > 35 | 76(23.98) | 35.70 ± 4.03 | ||
| Residence | ||||
| City | 115(36.28) | 36.08 ± 4.17 | 2.486* | 0.085 |
| Town | 79(24.92) | 34.80 ± 4.98 | ||
| Countryside | 123(38.80) | 35.05 ± 4.20 | ||
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 308(97.16) | 35.41 ± 4.44 | 1.309* | 0.272 |
| Divorced | 6(1.89) | 34.83 ± 3.71 | ||
| Separated | 3(0.95) | 31.33 ± 2.52 | ||
| Education | ||||
| Less than Primary | 13(4.10) | 35.38 ± 4.82 | 1.656* | 0.160 |
| Junior high school | 101(31.86) | 34.48 ± 4.17 | ||
| High school or technical secondary school | 80(25.24) | 35.85 ± 4.25 | ||
| College or undergraduate | 114(35.96) | 35.68 ± 4.66 | ||
| Postgraduate | 9(2.84) | 36.78 ± 4.24 | ||
| Occupation | ||||
| Job | 187(58.99) | 35.64 ± 4.48 | −1.365# | .173 a |
| Jobless | 130(41.01) | 34.95 ± 4.32 | ||
| Sleep status | ||||
| Good | 61(19.24) | 36.82 ± 5.06 | 4.426* | 0.005 |
| General | 200(63.09) | 35.30 ± 3.89 | ||
| Poor | 22(6.94) | 34.68 ± 5.70 | ||
| Very poor | 34(10.73) | 33.56 ± 4.61 | ||
| Health status | ||||
| Very good | 64(20.19) | 36.81 ± 4.46 | 3.637* | 0.013 |
| Good | 139(43.85) | 35.35 ± 4.42 | ||
| General | 107(33.75) | 34.55 ± 4.14 | ||
| Poor | 7(2.21) | 34.71 ± 5.82 | ||
| Can family income meet children’s medical expenses | ||||
| Can | 149(47.00) | 35.79 ± 4.35 | 1.645# | 0.101 |
| Can’t | 168(53.00) | 34.98 ± 4.46 | ||
| Understanding of RB | ||||
| Not at all | 20(6.31) | 35.05 ± 5.45 | 0.405* | 0.667 |
| Know a little | 262(82.65) | 35.30 ± 4.26 | ||
| Know | 35(11.04) | 35.97 ± 5.00 | ||
| Depression | ||||
| PHQ ≥ 3 | 95(29.97) | 32.59 ± 4.05 | 7.993# | < 0.001a |
| PHQ < 3 | 222(70.03) | 36.55 ± 4.03 | ||
| Anxiety | ||||
| GAD≥10 | 131(41.32) | 33.79 ± 4.55 | 5.566# | < 0.001a |
| GAD < 10 | 186(58.68) | 36.47 ± 3.98 | ||
Note. PHQ The patient health questionnaire; GAD generalized anxiety disorder; N Number; * = F value; # = t value; a P-values calculated from Independent sample t-test; all other P-values were obtained by using the One-way ANOVA test; Bold face p < 0.05.