Table 4.
Spearman rank correlation coefficients and p values between COVID-19-incidence cases and daily average main air pollutants concentrations and climate variables for investigated metropolitan area Madrid region during entire analyzed pandemic period 15 February 2020– 1 July 2021.
| MADRID |
Air pollutant |
Climate parameter |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 -incidence | PM2.5 (μg/m3) | PM10 (μg/m3) | O3 (μg/m3) | NO2 (μg/m3) | AQI | PBL (m) | T (oC) | RH (%) | w (Km/h) | SI (W/m2) |
| Total COVID-19 cases | 0.20* | 0.27* | 0.17* | −0.39* | 0.11* | −0.19* | 0.11* | −0.16* | 0.44* | −0.21* |
| Daily New cases (DNC) | 0.05*** | 0.14* | −0.11* | 0.22* | 0.10* | −0.16* | −0.15* | 0.15* | 0.05*** | −0.28* |
| Daily New Deaths (DND) | −0.09*** | −0.03*** | −0.50* | 0.23* | 0.22* | −0.60* | −0.64* | 0.68* | −0.28* | −0.61* |
| Total Deaths | −0.03*** | −0.04*** | −0.27* | 0.16* | 0.21* | −0.22* | −0.23* | 0.18* | 0.43* | −0.41* |
Note: PM2.5 (Particulate Matter of 2.5 μm size), PM10 (Particulate Matter of 10 μm size), O3 (ozone), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), AQI (Global Air Quality Index), T (air temperature), RH (air relative humidity), SI (surface solar irradiance), w (wind speed intensity) and PBL (Planetary boundary Layer height), * and ** indicate p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively and *** indicates p > 0.05.