TABLE 9.
Studies regarding mesenchymal stromal cell-conditioned medium for skin rejuvenation in animal models.
| MSC source | Method of tissue extraction | MSC characterization | MSC treatment | Model | Groups of treatments and via of administration | Follow-up (days) | Assessment | Main outcomes | |
| Zhang K. et al., 2020 | Human umbilical cord | Umbilical cord dissection | Western blotting (CD9+, CD63+, CD81+, and calnexin−) | MSC-CMs of passage 6 at 80–90% confluence were used. CM was collected, and Exos were obtained | Murine. Photoaged mouse model | - Control (non-photoaged mouse) - SHS-PBS - Exos - SHS-Exos (n = 6/group) |
14 | Macroscopic appearance, microscopic appearance (microwrinkles analysis), histology, and qRT-PCR | SHS-Exos reduced microwrinkles, alleviated histopathological changes, and promoted the expression of extracellular matrix constituents, while Exos alone produced weaker effects |
| Kwon et al., 2016 | Human bone marrow from the posterior iliac crest | Aspiration | Flow cytometry (CD73+, CD105+, CD14−, CD34−, CD45−) | MSCs of passage 6 at 80% confluence were used and cultured in hypoxic conditions. CM was then collected | Murine. UVB-irradiated mice model | 200 μl of treatment topically applied three times a week - Vehicle solution (polyethylene glycol:ethanol) - Adenosine 0.04% - MSC-CM 1% - MSC-CM 10% (n = 8/group) |
56 | Macroscopic appearance (photography, visual skin grading), tape stripping, biophysical measurements (TEWL and hydration), histology (HE, IHC) | The MSC-CM group exhibited significantly reduced levels of total wrinkle area compared with the vehicle-treated group. TEWL levels decreased while hydration increased in MSC-CM |
| Ueda and Nishino, 2010 | Human dental pulp tissue | Healthy permanent deciduous teeth extraction | − | MSCs of passage 1 to 3 were used, and CM was collected | Murine. Wrinkled mice induced by UVB | Subcutaneous injections - MSC-CM - MSCs - PBS (n = 8/group) |
35 | Macroscopic appearance (photography, histology (HE) | MSCs and MSC-CM decreased wrinkles more than the PBS group. The greatest effect was observed in MSC group. Measurement of the dermal thickness showed significant increases in MSC and MSC-CM groups |
CM, conditioned medium; Exos, exosomes; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; IHC, immunohistochemistry; MSCs, mesenchymal stromal cells; MT, Masson’s trichrome; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; qRT-PCR, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction; SHSs, sponge Haliclona sp. spicules; TEWL, transepidermal water loss.