Table 3. Selected countries with published HILI cases assessed for causality using RUCAM, reported together with RUCAM based DILI cases.
Region | Country | Author | Year | HILI [n], DILI [n] | HILI/DILI ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asia | China | Lai (20) | 2012 | HILI [74], DILI [64] | 1.16 |
Hao (22) | 2014 | HILI [87], DILI [13] | 6.7 | ||
Ou (24) | 2015 | HILI [130], DILI [361] | 0.36 | ||
Zhu (28) | 2016 | HILI [563], DILI [870] | 0.65 | ||
Shen (34) | 2019 | HILI [6,971], DILI [18,956] | 0.37 | ||
Korea | Kang (59) | 2008 | HILI [66], DILI [38] | 1.74 | |
Suk (67) | 2012 | HILI [149], DILI [101] | 1.48 | ||
Singapore | Wai (72) | 2006 | HILI [5], DILI [14] | 0.36 | |
Europe | Germany | Douros (44) | 2016 | HILI [10], DILI [188] | 0.05 |
Spain | Andrade (75) | 2005 | HILI [9], DILI [452] | 0.02 |
HILI, herb-induced liver injury; RUCAM, Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method; DILI, drug-induced liver injury.