Table 5.

Analytical categories and keywords extracted from practitioner's response regarding barriers for pediatric patient non-compliance and measures to improve compliance

Analytical categories	Themes	Keywords/quotes which were coded
Barriers causing patient non-compliance	Hectic schedule of child	School/tuition schedule, long hours of extracurricular activities, exams, vacations
	Lack of motivation of parent and child	Child is not motivated, parents feel the treatment is unnecessary for child, child cannot prioritize, child does not show interest, child cannot cope, child forgets, lack of parental participation, child is lazy or bored
	Absence of parental supervision	Parents not at home, have long work hours, parents feel supervising children is a waste of time, parents do not have time to supervise
	Peer pressure	Patients feel ashamed as others will make fun of appliance, peer pressure
	Difficulty in doing exercises or wearing the appliance	Appliance hurts, difficult to perform exercises, cannot wear the appliance, cannot understand exercise
Measures taken by practitioners to improve patient compliance	Patient schedule management	Fix a specific time for exercises, time management, specific day for follow-ups, holiday for appointments
	Motivational counseling	Motivating patients, patient education, asking them to give equal importance to treatment, child counseling, tailored guidance
	Modeling	Show them bi-monthly changes, show them pre and post photos, showing and interacting with other patients
	Reminder therapy	Diary and charts, reminder calls, reminder and activity charts, use of timers, reminder messages, record-keeping related to appliance wear time
	Regular follow-ups	See the kids every week, regular practice sessions
	Group therapy	Group sessions