Table 4.
Risk of various forms of kidney disease according to whether the individual or at least 1 of its siblings had adverse birth-related risk markers. Norway, 1967–2016
| Risk marker |
Sibling | Chronic kidney disease |
Acute kidney disease |
Glomerulonephritis |
Hereditary cystic kidney disease |
Kidney or urinary tract malformations |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | n | aOR (95% CI)a | n | aOR (95% CI)a | n | aOR (95% CI)a | n | aOR (95% CI)a | n | aOR (95% CI)a | |
| Not LBW | Not LBW | 2413 | 1.0 (ref) | 2499 | 1.0 (ref) | 2666 | 1.0 (ref) | 706 | 1.0 (ref) | 2065 | 1.0 (ref) |
| LBW | 388 | 1.33 (1.19–1.48) | 368 | 1.23 (1.10–1.36) | 375 | 1.16 (1.04–1.30) | 109 | 1.31 (1.06–1.60) | 236 | 0.96 (0.83–1.10) | |
| LBW | Not LBW | 326 | 1.75 (1.56–2.00) | 275 | 1.45 (1.28–1.64) | 245 | 1.21 (1.06–1.38) | 70 | 1.20 (0.99–1.60) | 193 | 1.10 (0.94–1.28) |
| LBW | 209 | 1.78 (1.54–2.05) | 185 | 1.54 (1.33–1.80) | 177 | 1.37 (1.18–1.60) | 49 | 1.40 (1.04–1.81) | 152 | 1.43 (1.21–1.70) | |
| Not SGA | Not SGA | 2337 | 1.0 (ref) | 2390 | 1.0 (ref) | 2568 | 1.0 (ref) | 715 | 1.0 (ref) | 2107 | 1.0 (ref) |
| SGA | 323 | 1.25 (1.11–1.40) | 302 | 1.13 (1.00–1.29) | 337 | 1.16 (1.04–1.31) | 79 | 1.02 (0.82–1.30) | 221 | 0.96 (0.77–1.10) | |
| SGA | Not SGA | 320 | 1.74 (1.55–1.96) | 316 | 1.71 (1.52–1.92) | 236 | 1.20 (1.04–1.36) | 66 | 1.13 (0.88–1.46) | 156 | 0.91 (0.78–1.08) |
| SGA | 207 | 2.03 (1.76–2.34) | 164 | 1.60 (1.37–1.88) | 160 | 1.42 (1.21–1.67) | 47 | 1.52 (1.13–2.04) | 111 | 1.21 (1.00–1.47) | |
| Not preterm | Not preterm | 2926 | 1.0 (ref) | 2956 | 1.0 (ref) | 3082 | 1.0 (ref) | 823 | 1.0 (ref) | 2352 | 1.0 (ref) |
| Preterm | 219 | 1.23 (1.07–1.41) | 210 | 1.18 (1.02–1.35) | 218 | 1.15 (1.0–1.32) | 47 | 0.92 (0.70–1.24) | 154 | 1.07 (0.90–1.26) | |
| Preterm | Not preterm | 161 | 1.44 (1.23–1.70) | 124 | 1.12 (0.67–1.05) | 126 | 1.11 (0.93–1.33) | 43 | 1.22 (0.90–1.70) | 119 | 1.20 (1.0–1.44) |
| Preterm | 40 | 1.24 (0.91–1.70) | 46 | 1.47 (1.10–1.97) | 40 | 1.22 (0.90–1.70) | 21 | 1.91 (1.22–3.0) | 30 | 1.01 (0.70–1.45) | |
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; LBW, low birth weight; ref, reference; SGA, small for gestational age.
a
Adjusted for gender, maternal disease (defined as maternal diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, rheumatic disease, or essential hypertension diagnosed before pregnancy), and number of recorded siblings categorized as 1, 2, or greater than or equal to 3.