Figure 8.

In vivo heart targeting and therapeutic effects of a mitochondrial-targeting nanotherapy TTPCD NP in mice. (A) Ex vivo fluorescence images (left) and quantitative analysis (right) of hearts isolated from mice after inhalation of Cy7.5/TPCD NP or Cy7.5/TTPCD NP. (B) The heart weight of different groups. (C) Ratios of HW/TL for mice with DOX-induced heart failure after treatment with TPCD NP or TTPCD NP at 25 mg/kg via inhalation. (D) Representative M-mode echocardiography images of mouse hearts after different treatments. (E-F) LVEF and LVFS quantified by echocardiography. (G-H) The levels of MDA (G) and H₂O₂ (H) in heart homogenates of mice treated with different formulations. The total protein content in heart homogenates was measured by the BCA assay. (I-J) Serum levels of cTnI (I) and CK (J). Data are mean ± SD (A, n = 3; B-C,E-J, n = 5). Statistical significance was assessed by the one-way ANOVA with post-hoc LSD tests. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.