Table 2.
Social Cohesion Conceptual Definitions
| Author | Conceptual Definition Provided |
|---|---|
| Caldwell et al20 | Mutual trust and solidarity among residents |
| Chen et al33 | State of affairs concerning vertical and horizontal interactions among members of society; characterized by norms of trust, sense of belonging, willingness to participate and help, and related behaviors |
| Choi and Matz-Costa30 | Perceptions of the extent to which people in one’s community are willing to help each other and can be trusted; an aspect of social competence |
| Chuang et al34 | Attitudes, behaviors, institutional, and structural dimensions that bind citizens together for better life quality |
| de Leon et al13 | Mutual trust and solidarity among neighbors along with the extent of supportive social connections, interactions, and exchange-based behavior |
| Duff et al16 | Perceptions of peer supportiveness, trust, and mutual aid |
| Greif and Nii-Amoo Dodoo28 | Trust, familiarity, values, and neighborhood network ties shared among residents, which serve as the basis from which social capital can be formed |
| Guilcher et al32 | Degree of trust, respect, and participation within a community |
| Hikichi et al26 | Extent of social connectedness and solidarity among groups in a society |
| Inoue et al6 | Characterization of closely-knit social relationships among residents with strong mutual trust and reciprocity |
| Kim et al25 | Perceived degree of connectedness between and among neighbors and their willingness to intervene for the common good; the degree to which one feels secure, connected to the area, and trusts its inhabitants |
| Kingsbury et al29 | Presence of shared values, sense of social order, solidarity, availability of social networks and support, and a sense of community, belonging, or identity |
| Kuipers et al19 | Indicator of attachment to and satisfaction with the neighborhood and its residents |
| Lippman et al17 | Shared trust, connectedness, or unit experienced by members of a residential area or social group |
| Maguire-Jack and Showalter21 | Mutual trust among neighbors |
| Mmari et al18 | Degree to which neighbors share instrumental and emotional support with one another |
| Olamijuwon et al35 | Encompasses trust, social support, tolerance, and quality/quantity of social connections |
| Pabayo et al14 | How harmoniously students, teachers, principals, and other staff relate to each other within a school |
| Perez et al15 | Characterized by the presence of trusting relationships with individuals in one’s community |
| Ruiz et al27 | Presence of communal bonds characterized by altruism, reciprocity, and shared norms and values |
| Smalls et al24 | [Respondents] ability to trust and relate to those in their neighborhood |
| Tang et al22 | Neighborhood social resources in the form of mutual trust and solidarity and expectations for action |
| Wen et al23 | Social relational resources of an area characterized by some degree of homogeneity |
| Yu31 | Strong social ties, mutual trust, and reciprocity within the social network |