Table 1.

Elements to consider during the cardiovascular PGx study design process

Study Design Element	Consideration for PGx Study
Phenotype	1. Cardiovascular trait or disease 2. Cardiovascular drug 3. Drug response
Type of Study	1. Existing Data or New Study 2. Retrospective or Prospective 3. Observational or Clinical Trial 4. Candidate gene or GWAS
DNA	1. Existing DNA samples 2. Need to collect DNA samples
Study Population	1. Race and ancestry populations 2. Other comorbidities 3. Other exposures
Power	1. Sample size 2. Effect size 3. Minor allele frequency
Replication	1. Direct replication 2. Validation in similar drug 3. Validation in similar disease state 4. Validation in another race group
Statistical Analysis	1. Logistic regression 2. Linear regression 3. Interaction analysis 4. Single study or Meta-analysis

PGx: Pharmacogenomics

GWAS: Genome-wide association study

DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid