Table II.
Exposure to COVID-19 and Containment Measures in Families of SOT Recipients and Healthy Control Group
| Items of the exposure scale |
Total sample n = 96 N (%) orMean ± SD |
SOT group n = 48 N (%) orMean ± SD |
Control group n = 48 N (%) or Mean ± SD |
X2 or t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order to “stay at home” | 89 (92.7) | 45 (93.8) | 44 (91.7) | .154 | .695 |
| Schools/child care centers were closed | 96 (100) | 48 (100) | 48 (100) | NA | NA |
| Children education was disrupted | 66 (72) | 32 (66.7) | 34 (70.8) | .194 | .660 |
| Unable to visit or care for a family member | 72 (75) | 33 (68.8) | 39 (81.3) | 2 | .157 |
| Family lived separately for health, safety or job demands | 38 (39.6) | 19 (39.6) | 19 (39.6) | .000 | 1 |
| Someone moved into our home | 4 (4.2) | 1 (2.1) | 3 (6.3) | 1.043 | .307 |
| We had to move out of home | 6 (6.3) | 5 (10.4) | 1 (2.1) | 2.84 | .092 |
| Someone in the family was working outside home | 37 (38.5) | 16 (33.3) | 21 (43.8) | 1.099 | .294 |
| Someone in the family was a healthcare provider | 19 (19.8) | 4 (8.3) | 15 (31.3) | 7.940 | .005 |
| Difficulties getting food | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | NA |
| Difficulties getting medicine | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.1) | 1.011 | .315 |
| Difficulties getting health care when needed | 10 (10.4) | 3 (6.3) | 7 (14.6) | 1.780 | .181 |
| Difficulties getting other essentials | 1 (1) | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 1.011 | .315 |
| Self-quarantined due to travel or possible exposure | 20 (20.8) | 11 (22.9) | 9 (18.8) | .253 | .615 |
| Family income decreased | 48 (50) | 27 (56.3) | 21 (43.8) | 1.500 | .221 |
| Someone in the family had to cut back hours at work | 49 (51) | 25 (52.1) | 24 (50) | .042 | .838 |
| Someone in the family was required to stop working | 37 (38.5) | 24 (50) | 13 (27.1) | 5.321 | .021 |
| Someone in the family lost its job permanently | 4 (4.2) | 2 (4.2) | 2 (4.2) | .000 | 1 |
| Health insurance was lost | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.1) | 1.011 | .315 |
| Important family events were missed or cancelled | 63 (65.6) | 29 (60.4) | 34 (70.8) | 1.154 | .283 |
| Someone in the family was exposed to someone with COVID-19 | 31 (32.3) | 8 (16.7) | 23 (47.9) | 10.720 | .001a |
| Someone in the family had symptoms or was diagnosed with COVID-19 | 29 (30.2) | 9 (18.8) | 20 (41.7) | 5.978 | .014 |
| Someone in the family was hospitalized for COVID-19 | 10 (10.4) | 1 (2.1) | 9 (18.8) | 7.144 | .008a |
| Someone in the family was in the ICU for COVID-19 | 6 (6.3) | 0 (0) | 6 (12.5) | 6.400 | .011 |
| Someone in the family died from COVID-19 | 7 (7.3) | 1 (2.1) | 6 (12.5) | 3.852 | .050 |
| Exposure total score | 7.75 ± 2.61 | 7.16 ± 1.9 | 8.33 ± 3.03 | 22.220 | .029 |
Note. Percentages reflect affirmative answers to the items implying more exposure to COVID-19 pandemic.
NA, Chi-square test was considered not applicable when the value was considered a constant.
a
The results are statistically significant after Bonferroni correction.
SD = standard deviation; SOT group = solid organ transplant group.