Table 3.
Associations from repeated-measures, mixed-effects regression modeling of glycemic variability and hypoglycemia metrics with peak mixed-meal tolerance test C-peptide (N = 36 continuous glucose monitoring traces, 23 participants)
| Coefficient for 100 pmol/L change in C-peptide, N = 36a | P b | |
|---|---|---|
| Average glucose, mmol/L | –0.19 (–0.39 to 0.015) | .06 |
| SD, mmol/L | –0.14 (–0.25 to –0.023) | .02 |
| CV, % | –1.00 (–2.16 to 0.15) | .08 |
| MAGE | –0.34 (–0.63 to –0.050) | .02 |
| Estimated HbA1c, mmol/mol | –0.14 (–0.25 to –0.023) | .06 |
| Time spent > 10 mmol/L, level 1 elevated, % | –2.64 (–4.87 to –0.41) | .02 |
| Time spent level 1 hyperglycemia, > 10 mmol/L excursion ≥ 15 min, % | –3.53 (–6.64 to –0.42) | .02 |
| Time spent > 13.9 mmol/L, level 2 elevated, % | –1.33 (–2.66 to –0.0057) | .04 |
| Time spent level 2 hyperglycemia, > 13.9 mmol/L excursion ≥ 15 min, % | 0.92 (–2.02 to 0.19) | .09 |
| HBGI | –0.71 (–1.27 to –0.14) | .01 |
| Time spent 3.9-10 mmol/L, % | 2.39 (0.51 to 4.26) | .01 |
| Time spent 3-< 3.9 mmol/L, level 1 low, % | –0.015 (–0.22 to 0.19) | .88 |
| Time spent < 3 mmol/L, level 2 low, % | –0.028 (–0.17 to 0.11) | .66 |
| Time spent in hypoglycemia, % | 0.0052 (–0.27 to 0.26) | .97 |
| LBGI | –0.062 (–0.41 to 0.29) | .72 |
Abbreviations: CV, coefficient of variation; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c; HBGI, high blood glucose index; LBGI, low blood glucose index; MAGE, mean amplitude glycemic excursion.
a Data presented as coefficient (95% CI).
b Kenward-Roger approximation for degrees of freedom.