Table 3.
Multivariable models for the total sample (n = 686) and stratified by age.
| Total sample | 60–74 years | ≥75 years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI* | OR | 95% CI* | OR | 95% CI* | |
| Age | ||||||
| 60–74 years | 1 | |||||
| ≥75 years | 2.75 | 1.70–4.46 | ||||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 1.45 | 0.84–2.51 | 1.14 | 0.61–2.14 | 2.33 | 0.73–7.42 |
| Education | ||||||
| ≥7 years of education | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 0–6 years of education | 0.52 | 0.27–1.00 | 0.45 | 0.22–0.91 | 1.81 | 0.26–12.72 |
| Living area | ||||||
| Suburban | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Rural | 1.89 | 1.20–2.97 | 1.65 | 0.97–2.83 | 2.52 | 1.032–6.16 |
| Income | ||||||
| ≥Minimum wage | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| < Minimum wage | 0.96 | 0.46–2.01 | 0.93 | 0.38–2.28 | 0.98 | 0.22–4.36 |
| No income | 1.36 | 0.54–3.39 | 1.38 | 0.44–4.27 | 1.28 | 0.21–7.69 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Still married | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Single (never married/divorced) | 1.71 | 1.03–2.84 | 1.53 | 0.85–2.276 | 2.80 | 0.89–8.877 |
| Occupational class | ||||||
| Professional | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Not working | 2.18 | 1.03–4.60 | 2.98 | 1.21–7.31 | 1.02 | 0.22–4.65 |
| Laborer | 2.19 | 0.94–5.10 | 3.65 | 1.29–10.30 | 0.23 | 0.03–1.93 |
| Housewife | 1.89 | 0.64–5.56 | 2.43 | 0.68–8.71 | 0.87 | 0.06–12.43 |
| Hypertension | 1.12 | 0.73–1.73 | 1.10 | 0.66–1.81 | 1.29 | 0.52–3.20 |
| Stroke | 3.34 | 0.63–17.65 | 1.88 | 0.29–12.15 | ||
| Diabetes | 1.24 | 0.53–2.86 | 1.61 | 0.58–4.49 | 0.67 | 0.15–3.05 |
| Triglyceride > 200 mg/dl | 1.37 | 0.48–3.93 | 1.09 | 0.36–3.29 | ||
| HDL <40 mg/dl | 0.50 | 0.21–1.18 | 0.64 | 0.26–1.60 | 0.30 | 0.02–4.15 |
| BMI characteristics | ||||||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Underweight | 1.30 | 0.78–2.19 | 1.49 | 0.80–2.80 | 1.25 | 0.48–3.26 |
| Overweight | 0.39 | 0.18–0.82 | 0.40 | 0.17–0.91 | 0.38 | 0.06–2.43 |
| Obese | 0.87 | 0.26–2.93 | 0.80 | 0.21–3.09 | 0.49 | 0.02–11.44 |
| Smoking status | 1.39 | 0.60–3.19 | 1.14 | 0.45–2.88 | 2.04 | 0.20–20.16 |
| Depression | 1.52 | 0.64–3.57 | 2.54 | 0.90–7.15 | 0.69 | 0.16–2.90 |
| Leisure activities | ||||||
| Intellectually less active | 2.85 | 1.60–5.08 | 2.66 | 1.42–4.10 | 3.73 | 0.81–17.03 |
| Socially less active | 1.38 | 0.89–2.13 | 1.53 | 0.92–2.53 | 1.06 | 0.41–2.74 |
| Recreationally less active | 2.19 | 1.39–3.46 | 2.11 | 1.26–3.56 | 2.44 | 0.87–6.79 |
| Physically less active | 2.05 | 0.99–4.25 | 1.87 | 0.83–4.20 | 2.57 | 0.45–14.65 |
| Less active (total leisure activity) | 2.21 | 1.42–3.44 | 2.20 | 1.32–3.66 | 2.21 | 0.84–5.80 |
| Dietary intake | ||||||
| Non-frequent carbohydrate intake | 1.13 | 0.74–1.74 | 1.30 | 0.78–2.15 | 1.03 | 0.43–2.45 |
| Non-frequent protein intake | 0.80 | 0.52–1.25 | 0.94 | 0.56–1.57 | 0.56 | 0.23–1.39 |
| Non-frequent fruit intake | 2.02 | 1.10–3.72 | 1.74 | 0.88–3.47 | 4.62 | 1.18–18.02 |
| Non-frequent vegetable intake | 0.96 | 0.62–1.50 | 0.62 | 0.57–1.62 | 1.03 | 0.43–2.45 |
Multivariable models include age, sex, and education, plus all risk factors with ORs < 0.75 or >1.40 in the univariable models (Table 2).
OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; BMI, body mass index.