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Flowchart of patients enrolled in this study. Breast cancer patients (n = 202) were divided according to the prescription of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). The biopsies of NACT patients were divided into two different cohorts for the predictive biomarker study. Blood samples were also used in this study and to isolate PBMCs for in vitro 3D co-culture assay. Progression-free survival (PFS) was performed for NACT and non-NACT patients.
