Table 2.

FDA-approved treatments for HCC.

Approval Year	Selection	Treatment	Targets	References
2008	First-line	Sorafenib	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2 and -3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRβ), receptor tyrosine kinases RET and KIT, and Raf kinase	[150,151]
2017	Second-line	Regorafenib	VEGFR1-3, TEK receptor tyrosine kinase or angiopoietin-1 receptor (TIE2), fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) and PDGFRβ, oncogenic kinases c-KIT, RET, and c-RAF/RAF-1	[138,152]
2017	Second-line	Nivolumab	PD-1	[153]
2018	First-line	Lenvatinib	An oral inhibitor of VEGFR 1-3, FGFR 1-4, PDGFRα, receptor tyrosine kinases RET and KIT	[135,154]
2018	Second-line	Pembrolizumab	PD-1	[155]
2019	Second-line	Cabozantinib	Tyrosine kinases, including MET, AXL, and VEGFR 1-3	[139,156]
2019	Second-line	Ramucirumab	VEGFR2	[157]
2020	Second-line	Nivolumab and Ipilimumab	PD-1 and CTLA-4	[158,159]
2020	First-line	Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab	PD-L1 and VEGF	[136,160]