Table 1.
Patient demographics and characteristics regarding plasma-cell-related disease and anti-myeloma treatment.
| Variable | SP-AbT Negative | SP-AbT Positive | SP-AbT Missing | p-Value | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median age in years (range) | 68.54 | 58.65 | 68.5 | <0.01 | 67.5 (40–85) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Male | 33 | 12 | 4 | 0.41 | 49 (59.8) |
| Female | 24 | 5 | 4 | 33 (40.2) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (mean; range) | 2.94 | 2.56 | 2.75 | 0.01 | 2.72 (2–6) |
| Plasma-cell-related neoplasia, n (%) | |||||
| MM | 78 (95.1) | ||||
| Smoldering MM | 0 | ||||
| MGCS | 2 (2.4) | ||||
| MGUS | 0 | ||||
| AL | 2 (2.4) | ||||
| Newly diagnosed | 25 | 11 | 0.17 | 40 (48.8) | |
| R/R Disease | 32 | 6 | 42 (51.2) | ||
| Triple-refractory | 10 | 0 | 10 (12.2) | ||
| Penta-refractory | 3 | 0 | 3 (3.7) | ||
| Anti-myeloma therapy, n (%) | 69 (84.1) | ||||
| Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody in total | 29 | 2 | 3 | 0.005 | 34 (41.5) |
| Daratumumab-based | 25 (30.5) | ||||
| Isatuximab-based | 9 (11.0) | ||||
| Mean duration of CD38-based therapy in months (range) | 9.5 (0–50) | ||||
| Anti-SLAMF7-monoclonal antibody (elotuzumab)-based | 3 (3.7) | ||||
| IMiD-based therapies in total | 39 | 8 | 52 (63.4) | ||
| Thalidomide | 1 | 0 | 1 (1.2) | ||
| Lenalidomide | 32 | 8 | 45 (54.9) | ||
| Pomalidomide | 6 | 0 | 6 (7.3) | ||
| Proteasome inhibitors in total | 13 | 2 | 16 (19.5) | ||
| Bortezomib-based | 0 | 1 | 2 (2.4) | ||
| Carfilzomib-based | 13 | 1 | 14 (17.1) | ||
| No current therapy | 7 | 6 | 13 (15.8) | ||
| Therapy lines, median number of therapy lines in total (range) | 1 (0–10) | ||||
| untreated | 6 (7.3) | ||||
| 1st line, n (%) | 42 (51.8) | ||||
| 2nd line, n (%) | 11 (13.4) | ||||
| 3rd line, n (%) | 12 (14.6) | ||||
| >3rd line, n (%) | 11 (13.4) | ||||
| Remission status at time of vaccination | |||||
| Well-controlled disease | 38 | 12 | 7 | 57 (69.5) | |
| Complete remission | 16 (19.5) | ||||
| Very good partial response | 41 (50) | ||||
| Insufficiently controlled disease | 14 | 2 | 0 | 16 (19.5) | |
| Partial remission | 7 (8.5) | ||||
| Stable disease | 3 (3.7) | ||||
| Progressive disease | 6 (7.3) | ||||
| Not assessable * | 9 (10.9) | ||||
| TOTAL § | 57 | 17 | 8 | 82 |
MM, multiple myeloma; MGCS, monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance; MGUS, monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance; AL, systemic light chain amyloidosis; R/R, relapsed or refractory; BCMA, B-cell maturation antigen; ADC, antibody-conjugate; IMiD, immunomodulatory drugs. * Includes patients newly diagnosed before receiving any treatment or missing data for evaluation or monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance. § n = 8 individuals with missing antibody evaluation.