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. 2021 Jul 27;18(15):7943. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18157943

Table 3.

Systemic Research Design—adapted from the typology of methods for comparative case study research in water governance, based on Pahl-Wostl and Lebel (2009) [42].

Systemic Research Design Structure Social
networks
Diagrams of actor relationships (e.g., power, influence, authority, communication)
Organisational Diagrams of responsibilities and accountability relationships compared
Systems Diagrams of governance and other system components
Dynamics Transitions Set of variables about same location at different times (e.g., reform process)
Pathways Pathways of change in different locations
Context Questions Responses to a common set of analytical questions
Narrative Integrated descriptions of a governance regime
Indicator Based Checklist Presence/absence of governance attributes
Scoring Ordinal scale measure of governance attributes