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. 2021 Aug 2;13(15):3892. doi: 10.3390/cancers13153892

Table 4.

Lead times with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) calculated from first timepoint of elevated marker to radiological or clinical diagnosis of local relapse or metastatic disease.

n Median (Months) 95% CI
CEA elevated 29 7.8 5.7–9.8
CA19-9 elevated 14 10.0 6.7–13.3
IL-6 elevated 16 21.8 4.0–39.6
CRP elevated 12 10.2 5.4–15.1
YKL-40 elevated 27 53.1 27.1–79.1
CEA, CA19-9, IL-6, CRP, or YKL-40 elevated 42 27.3 17.1–37.5