Table 3.
General Demographics of Respondents.
| Entire Sample (n = 1007) | Laborers (n = 392) | Established Leaders (n = 332) | Emerging Executives (n = 283) | Between Class Differences | Post Hoc Tests/Pairwise Comparisons 1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Scale/Category | n(%)/M(SD) | n(%)/M(SD) | n(%)/M(SD) | n(%)/M(SD) | L vs. EL Mean Diff/ |
L vs. EE Mean Diff/ |
EL vs. EE Mean Diff/ |
|
| Gender | Male | 524 (52) | 210 (53.6) | 200 (60.2) | 114 (40.3) | 24.99 *** | 3.26 | 11.63 ** | 24.35 *** |
| Female | 483 (48) | 182 (46.4) | 132 (39.8) | 169 (59.7) | |||||
| Income (HKD) | $14,999 or below | 140 (13.9) | 107 (29.7) | 0 (0) | 33 (12.2) | 616.00 *** | 412.31 *** | 29.92 *** | 324.15 *** |
| $15,000–$39,999 | 532 (52.8) | 242 (67.2) | 65 (21.6) | 225 (83.3) | |||||
| $40,000–$69,999 | 169 (16.8) | 9 (2.5) | 148 (49.2) | 12 (4.4) | |||||
| $70,000 or above | 90 (8.9) | 2 (0.6) | 88 (29.2) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Highest education attainment | Below primary | 24 (2.4) | 24 (6.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 873.71 *** | 594.18 *** | 645.88 *** | 24.05 *** |
| Secondary | 386 (38.3) | 359 (92.3) | 27 (8.2) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Tertiary | 590 (58.6) | 6 (1.5) | 303 (91.8) | 281 (100) | |||||
| Age | 18–29 | 206 (20.5) | 36 (9.3) | 3 (0.9) | 167 (59.4) | 485.40 *** | 47.83 *** | 291.41 *** | 341.50 *** |
| 30–39 | 236 (23.4) | 73 (18.9) | 76 (23) | 87 (31) | |||||
| 40–49 | 250 (24.8) | 96 (24.8) | 131 (39.7) | 23 (8.2) | |||||
| 50–59 | 229 (22.7) | 127 (32.8) | 99 (30) | 3 (1.1) | |||||
| >60 | 77 (7.6) | 55 (14.2) | 21 (6.4) | 1 (0.4) | |||||
| Position | Professional, Managers, Executive | 465 (46.2) | 77 (19.9) | 273 (82.7) | 115 (41.1) | 357.61 *** | 338.58 *** | 40.34 *** | 184.58 *** |
| Self-employed/Entrepreneurs | 50 (5) | 16 (4.1) | 31 (9.4) | 3 (1.1) | |||||
| Office/Non-office skilled | 244 (24.2) | 138 (35.7) | 19 (5.8) | 87 (31.1) | |||||
| Office/Non-office Non-skilled | 234 (23.2) | 153 (39.5) | 7 (2.1) | 74 (26.4) | |||||
| Industry | Commercial Sector | 210 (20.9) | 55 (14.4) | 103 (31.7) | 52 (18.9) | 202.93 *** | 142.45 *** | 93.66 *** | 48.07 *** |
| Semiprofessional/Professional | 258 (25.6) | 49 (12.8) | 116 (35.7) | 93 (33.8) | |||||
| Hospitality | 77 (7.6) | 56 (14.6) | 10 (3.1) | 11 (4) | |||||
| Retail and Sales | 113 (11.2) | 64 (16.7) | 24 (7.4) | 25 (9.1) | |||||
| Construction/Manufacturing | 151 (15) | 77 (20.1) | 46 (14.2) | 28 (10.2) | |||||
| Public Services | 61 (6.1) | 18 (4.7) | 18 (5.5) | 25 (9.1) | |||||
| Media | 29 (2.9) | 8 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 21 (7.6) | |||||
| Logistics/Transport | 78 (7.7) | 54 (14.1) | 6 (1.8) | 18 (6.5) | |||||
| Others | 6 (0.6) | 2 (0.5) | 2 (0.6) | 2 (0.7) | |||||
Note. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001; 1 L: Laborers, EL: Established leaders, EE: Emerging Executive.