. 2021 Jun 3;185(2):343–353. doi: 10.1530/EJE-21-0232
This work is licensed under a Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the group of insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes and the group of controls matched according to age, sex and BMI. Binary data are presented as n (%) and continuous variables are presented as mean (s.d.) or median (interquartile range).
| Type 2 diabetes (n = 21) | Controls (n = 21) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62.8 (6.5) | 62.2 (8.3) | 0.805 |
| Female | 5 (24%) | 5 (24%) | 1.000 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.0 (4.2) | 29.2 (3.5) | 0.873 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 51.0 (5.4) | 34.3 (3.3) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.8 (0.5) | 5.3 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 7.2 (1.7) | 5.7 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| C-peptide (pmol/L) | 259 (174–370)a | 440 (344–573) | 0.006 |
| Insulin treatment | 21 (100%) | NA | |
| Basal | 12 (57%) | ||
| Basal/bolus | 4 (19%) | ||
| Insulin mix | 5 (24%) | ||
| Daily insulin dose (IU) | 38 (25–60) | NA | |
| Oral glucose-lowering drugs | 16 (76%) | NA | |
| Metformin | 15 (71%) | ||
| SGLT2i | 7 (33%) | ||
| DDP-4i | 4 (19%) | ||
| Diabetes duration (years) | 15.3 (6.6) | NA | |
| Impaired awareness | 6 (29%) | NA | |
| Neuropathy | 18 (86%) | NA | |
| Retinopathy | 7 (33%) | NA | |
| Nephropathy | 3 (14%) | NA | |
| Hypertension | 18 (86%) | 4 (19%) | <0.001 |
| Beta-blockers | 4 (19%) | 1 (5%) | |
| Non-dihydropyridine calcium antagonist | 1 (5%) | 0 (%) | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 138.0 (12.4) | 137.0 (11.0) | 0.794 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.3 (7.5) | 82.6 (7.3) | 0.324 |
| Heart rate (b.p.m) | 67.1 (10.7) | 60.0 (9.6) | 0.027 |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | 87.6 (25.2) | 83.0 (10.3) | 0.452 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.1 (0.4) | 4.1 (0.3) | 0.778 |
aFasting levels while on active insulin treatment.
DDP-4i, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; SGLT2i, sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitor; T2D, type 2 diabetes.