Table 1.

MiRNAs associated in MetS with metabolic tissues.

Metabolic Tissues	MicroRNAs	Pathway/Process	Targets	References
Pancreas	miR-375	Islet functions	PDX1, HNF6, INSM1, Ngn3	[20,21]
	miR-15a/b, miR-16, miR-195	Islet functions	Ngn3	[22]
	miR-7	Islet cells differentiation	Pax6	[23,24]
	miR-96	Insulin secretion	Stx-1α	[25]
	miR-124a	Insulin secretion	Stx-1α	[25]
	miR-124a	Insulin release	SNAP25, Rab3A, Synapin-1A, Rab27A, Noc2	[25]
	miR-124a	Islet functions	Foxa2, Pdx1, Creb1	[26]
	miR-9	Insulin secretion	Stx-1α	[25]
	miR-9	Insulin release	Onecut-2, Granuphilin/slp4	[27]
	miR-29	Insulin secretion	Stx-1α, Mct1	[28]
	miR-192-5p	Islet β-cell functions	Clock	[29,30,31,32]
	miR-192-5p	Insulin sensitivity	CaV1	[29,30,31,32]
	miR-103, miR-107	Insulin sensitivity	CaV1	[33]
Liver	miR-122	Liver functions	LETFS, HNF6, HNF4a	[34,35]
	miR-122	Lipid metabolism	SREBF1	[34,35]
	miR-26a	Lipid metabolism	ACSL3, ACSL4, PKC, GSK3β, SREBF2	[36]
	miR-33b	Lipid metabolism	SREBF1	[37]
	miR-34a	Fatty acid metabolism	SIRT1	[38]
	miR-34a	Lipid metabolism	SREBP1	[38]
	miR-370	Lipid metabolism	MECPT	[39]
	miR-96, miR-183	Lipid metabolism	SREBP	[40]
	miR-30c	Lipid metabolism	RARB, LPGAT1, MTP	[41,42,43,44]
	miR-30c	Glucose metabolism	IDH1, LIN28B	[41,42,43,44]
	miR-192-5p	De novo lipogenesis	SREBF1, SCD-1	[30,31,32,33]
	miR-192-5p	Inflammation	FoxO1	[30,31,32,33]
	miR-192-5p	Cholesterol homeostasis	ABCG4	[30,31,32,33]
	miR-192-5p	Lipid metabolism	ElOVL1, ElOVL5, PPARA, VLDLR, FABP3, ATF1, CAV2, CRTc2, DBT, IGF1	[30,31,32,33]
	miR-33a-3p	Cholesterol efflux	ABCA1, ABCG1	[45]
	miR-33a-3p	Insulin signaling	IRS2, SIRT6	[45]
	miR-33a-3p	Lipid metabolism	SREBP2, SREBF1	[45]
	miR-223	Cholesterol efflux	ABCA1	[45]
	miR-223	Cholesterol biosynthesis	HMG-CoA, SC4MOL	[46]
	miR-206	Lipid metabolism	LXR2	[46]
	miR-200	Liver cell growth and proliferation	PI3K	[47]
	miR-27a-3p	Cholesterol metabolism	LDLRAP1, LRP6	[48,49,50,51]
	miR-27a-3p	De novo lipogenesis	SCD1, RXRα	[48,49,50,51]
	miR-27a-3p	Inflammation	Nrf2, NF-κB	[48,49,50,51]
	miR-27a-3p	Lipid metabolism	PPARA, FASN, SREBF1, FAS	[48,49,50,51]
	miR-128	Cholesterol metabolism	LDLR	[52]
	miR-128	Cholesterol efflux	ABCA1	[52]
	miR-128	Inflammation	Nrf2	[52]
	miR-130b, miR-301b	Cholesterol metabolism	LDLR	[53,54,55]
	miR-130b, miR-301b	Cholesterol efflux	ABCA1	[53,54,55]
	miR-27b	Cholesterol efflux	ABCA1	[48,49,50,51]
	miR-27b	Lipid metabolism	LDLR	[48,49,50,51]
	miR-140-5p	Cholesterol metabolism	LDLR	[10,55,56]
	miR-140-5p	Inflammation	Nrf2	[10,55,56]
	miR-140-5p	AMPK/SREBP1 pathway	NEAT1	[10,55,56]
	miR-2, miR-148a-3p, miR-185	Cholesterol metabolism	LDLR	[57,58]
	miR-2, miR-148a-3p, miR-185	Lipid metabolism	SERBP2	[57,58]
	miR-21	Lipid metabolism	HMGCR, HOMER1, Smad7	[59,60,61,62,63]
	miR-344	Lipid metabolism (Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway)	GSK3β	[49]
Muscle	miR-29a	IR	PPARδ,	[64]
	miR-29a	Glucose uptake	IRS-1	[65]
	miR-106b	Mitochondrial dysfunction, IR	mitofusin-2	[66]
	miR-208	Glucose metabolism	MED13	[67,68]
	miR-199a-3p, miR-590-3p	p/Akt pathway	HOMER1, CLIC5	[55,58,69,70,71]
AT	miR-14	Lipid metabolism	p38, MAPK	[72]
	miR-143	Adipocyte differentiation	ERK5 signaling	[73]
	miR-27a, miR-130a	Adipocyte differentiation	PPARγ	[55]
	miR-27b, miR-363	Adipocyte differentiation	C/EBPα, PPARγ	[74]
	Let-7	Cell functions	RAS, HMGA2	[75,76,77]
	Let-7	Glucose metabolism	INSR, IGF1R	[75,76,77]
	Let-7	Adipogenesis	AT-hook2, PPARγ, FABP4	[75,76,77]
	miR-375	Adipocyte differentiation	C/EBPα, PPARγ2	[78]
	miR-206	Lipid accumulation	PPARγ, PTEN, FAS, C/EBPα	[79]
	miR-146b	Metabolic homeostasis	SIRT1	[80]
	miR-8	Adipogenesis	FABP4	[47,81]
	miR-8	Fat body growth and differentiation	PI3K	[47,81]
	miR-210	Adipocyte differentiation (PI3K/Akt pathway)	SHIPI	[82]
	miR-21	Adipocyte differentiation	AP-1, TGF-β receptor 2	[83]
	miR-30c	Adipocyte differentiation	SERPINE1, ACVR1	[41,42,43,44]
	miR-142-5p	Inflammation	Nrf2	[55,56,84]
	miR-26a	Inflammation	IL-6, IL-17	[78,85,86,87]
	miR-26a	Autophagy	BECN1, LC3	[78,85,86,87]
	miR-370	Metabolic homeostasis	CPTIA	[39]
	miR-22	Adipogenesis	HDAC6	[88]
	miR-31	Lipid accumulation	C/EBPα	[89]
	miR-33b	Lipogenesis	EBF1	[37]
	miR-93	Adipogenesis	Sirt7, Tbx3	[90]
	miR-125a	Adipogenesis	ERRα	[91]
	miR-155	Adipocyte differentiation	PPARγ	[92]
	miR-145	Preadipocyte differentiation	IRS1	[93]
	miR-155	Lipid metabolism	C/EBPβ	[94]
	miR-194	Stimulates osteogenesis and inhibits adipogenesis	COUP-TFII	[95]
	miR-224	Fatty acid metabolism	EGR2	[96]
	miR-363	Adipocyte differentiation	E2F3, C/EBPα, PPARγ	[74]
	miR-369	Adipogenic differentiation	FABP4	[97]
	miR-448	Lipid metabolism	KLF5, 5-HT2AR, 5-HT2CR	[98]
	miR-709	Lipid metabolism (Wnt/ß-catenin signaling)	GSK3β	[99]
	miR-637	Adipogenesis	Sp7	[100]
	miR-320	Adipogenesis	RUNX2	[101]
	miR-199a	Adipogenesis	Smad1	[70]
	miR-103	Adipogenesis (AKT/mTOR signal pathway)	MEF2D	[102]
	miR-26b	Adipogenic differentiation	PTEN	[79,87]