Table 1.
Characteristics of Nursing Homes and Occurrence of COVID-19 Cases and Deaths by Star Rating, May 25–December 20, 2020
| Star Rating∗ |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | All | |
| Number of nursing homes | 2086 | 2767 | 2662 | 3237 | 3938 | 14,690 |
| Community spread of COVID-19: County-level cases per 100,000 population in 2020 | 6429 (2186) | 6337 (2334) | 6390 (2242) | 6341 (2376) | 6149 (2370) | 6310 (2318) |
| County-level sociodemographic characteristics, mean (SD) | ||||||
| Median household income | $55,387 ($23,623) | $59,657 ($26,557) | $58,965 ($26,044) | $61,156 ($27,776) | $66,412 ($31,121) | $61,067 ($27,890) |
| Percentage less than high school education | 13.4 (8.6) | 12.5 (8.8) | 12.7 (8.6) | 11.8 (8.1) | 10.8 (8.4) | 12.0 (8.5) |
| Percentage non-Hispanic white | 72.5 (25.1) | 75.3 (24.2) | 77.2 (23.2) | 78.3 (23.0) | 79.5 (21.7) | 77.0 (23.4) |
| Percentage aged ≥65 y | 30.7 (12.6) | 31.6 (14.2) | 32.2 (13.8) | 33.3 (15.1) | 34.4 (16.9) | 32.7 (15.0) |
| Medically Underserved Area, % | 42 | 39 | 44 | 42 | 36 | 40 |
| NH characteristics†, % | ||||||
| Percentage for-profit | 87 | 79 | 74 | 68 | 54 | 70 |
| Number of certified beds | 125 (57) | 116 (59) | 112 (61) | 104 (58) | 89 (60) | 107 (61) |
| Staffing and PPE shortages | ||||||
| Percentage of weeks with staff shortage | ||||||
| Nursing staff | 22 (32) | 18 (30) | 16 (28) | 15 (28) | 12 (25) | 16 (28) |
| Clinical staff | 3 (8) | 3 (9) | 2 (8) | 2 (7) | 2 (6) | 2 (8) |
| Aides | 24 (33) | 21 (32) | 19 (31) | 18 (30) | 15 (28) | 19 (30) |
| Other staff | 12 (23) | 10 (22) | 9 (21) | 9 (21) | 8 (19) | 9 (21) |
| Percentage of weeks with PPE shortage | ||||||
| N95 masks | 13 (24) | 14 (25) | 13 (25) | 13 (25) | 13 (25) | 13 (25) |
| Surgical masks | 7 (18) | 8 (20) | 8 (19) | 7 (19) | 7 (19) | 7 (19) |
| Eye protection | 7 (17) | 7 (18) | 7 (19) | 7 (18) | 7 (18) | 7 (18) |
| Gowns | 8 (18) | 9 (20) | 9 (20) | 10 (20) | 10 (21) | 9 (20) |
| Gloves | 4 (13) | 4 (13) | 4 (12) | 4 (12) | 4 (12) | 4 (13) |
| Hand sanitizer | 4 (13) | 4 (13) | 4 (13) | 3 (12) | 4 (13) | 4 (13) |
| COVID-19 cases and deaths among residents, n | ||||||
| Total confirmed cases | 65,152 | 78,528 | 75,008 | 81,811 | 75,559 | 376,058 |
| Confirmed cases per 1000 residents per week | 13.19 | 12.32 | 12.71 | 11.76 | 9.99 | 11.77 |
| Excess confirmed cases | 13,380 | 12,097 | 12,606 | 10,053 | 0 | 48,136 |
| Total deaths | 11,663 | 13,783 | 13,336 | 14,102 | 13,159 | 66,043 |
| Deaths per 1000 residents per week | 2.42 | 2.22 | 2.33 | 2.06 | 1.83 | 2.13 |
| Excess deaths | 2647 | 2214 | 2498 | 1605 | 0 | 8964 |
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.
Unless otherwise noted, values are mean (standard deviation).
On a scale of 1 to 5, with 1 being the lowest and 5 being the highest. Overall quality rating was used, and ratings were based on pre–COVID-19 CMS star ratings. NH facilities without an available overall star rating were excluded.
Based on the Nursing Home COVID-19 Public File, which includes data reported by NHs to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network system from May 25 to December 20, 2020. Based on data submitted by NHs that passed the quality assurance check at least once during the reporting period and had a CMS star rating.